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Essential Variables for Environmental Monitoring: What Are the Possible Contributions of Earth Observation Data Cubes?

Author

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  • Gregory Giuliani

    (Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, enviroSPACE, Bd Carl-Vogt 66, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
    Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, GRID-Geneva, Bd Carl-Vogt 66, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland)

  • Elvire Egger

    (Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, GRID-Geneva, Bd Carl-Vogt 66, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland)

  • Julie Italiano

    (Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, GRID-Geneva, Bd Carl-Vogt 66, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland)

  • Charlotte Poussin

    (Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, GRID-Geneva, Bd Carl-Vogt 66, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland)

  • Jean-Philippe Richard

    (Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, GRID-Geneva, Bd Carl-Vogt 66, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland)

  • Bruno Chatenoux

    (Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, GRID-Geneva, Bd Carl-Vogt 66, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland)

Abstract

Environmental sustainability is nowadays a major global issue that requires efficient and effective responses from governments. Essential variables (EV) have emerged in different scientific communities as a means to characterize and follow environmental changes through a set of measurements required to support policy evidence. To help track these changes, our planet has been under continuous observation from satellites since 1972. Currently, petabytes of satellite Earth observation (EO) data are freely available. However, the full information potential of EO data has not been yet realized because many big data challenges and complexity barriers hinder their effective use. Consequently, facilitating the production of EVs using the wealth of satellite EO data can be beneficial for environmental monitoring systems. In response to this issue, a comprehensive list of EVs that can take advantage of consistent time-series satellite data has been derived. In addition, a set of use-cases, using an Earth Observation Data Cube (EODC) to process large volumes of satellite data, have been implemented to demonstrate the practical applicability of EODC to produce EVs. The proposed approach has been successfully tested showing that EODC can facilitate the production of EVs at different scales and benefiting from the spatial and temporal dimension of satellite EO data for enhanced environmental monitoring.

Suggested Citation

  • Gregory Giuliani & Elvire Egger & Julie Italiano & Charlotte Poussin & Jean-Philippe Richard & Bruno Chatenoux, 2020. "Essential Variables for Environmental Monitoring: What Are the Possible Contributions of Earth Observation Data Cubes?," Data, MDPI, vol. 5(4), pages 1-25, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jdataj:v:5:y:2020:i:4:p:100-:d:432274
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Charlotte Poussin & Yaniss Guigoz & Elisa Palazzi & Silvia Terzago & Bruno Chatenoux & Gregory Giuliani, 2019. "Snow Cover Evolution in the Gran Paradiso National Park, Italian Alps, Using the Earth Observation Data Cube," Data, MDPI, vol. 4(4), pages 1-25, October.
    2. John Truckenbrodt & Terri Freemantle & Chris Williams & Tom Jones & David Small & Clémence Dubois & Christian Thiel & Cristian Rossi & Asimina Syriou & Gregory Giuliani, 2019. "Towards Sentinel-1 SAR Analysis-Ready Data: A Best Practices Assessment on Preparing Backscatter Data for the Cube," Data, MDPI, vol. 4(3), pages 1-37, July.
    3. Shelley Stall & Lynn Yarmey & Joel Cutcher-Gershenfeld & Brooks Hanson & Kerstin Lehnert & Brian Nosek & Mark Parsons & Erin Robinson & Lesley Wyborn, 2019. "Make scientific data FAIR," Nature, Nature, vol. 570(7759), pages 27-29, June.
    4. Trevor Dhu & Gregory Giuliani & Jimena Juárez & Argyro Kavvada & Brian Killough & Paloma Merodio & Stuart Minchin & Steven Ramage, 2019. "National Open Data Cubes and Their Contribution to Country-Level Development Policies and Practices," Data, MDPI, vol. 4(4), pages 1-17, November.
    5. Anthony Lehmann & Rebecca Chaplin-Kramer & Martin Lacayo & Grégory Giuliani & David Thau & Kevin Koy & Grace Goldberg & Richard Sharp Jr., 2017. "Lifting the Information Barriers to Address Sustainability Challenges with Data from Physical Geography and Earth Observation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-15, May.
    6. Shushanik Asmaryan & Vahagn Muradyan & Garegin Tepanosyan & Azatuhi Hovsepyan & Armen Saghatelyan & Hrachya Astsatryan & Hayk Grigoryan & Rita Abrahamyan & Yaniss Guigoz & Gregory Giuliani, 2019. "Paving the Way towards an Armenian Data Cube," Data, MDPI, vol. 4(3), pages 1-10, August.
    7. Gregory Giuliani & Gilberto Camara & Brian Killough & Stuart Minchin, 2019. "Earth Observation Open Science: Enhancing Reproducible Science Using Data Cubes," Data, MDPI, vol. 4(4), pages 1-6, November.
    8. Jonas Savelsberg & Moritz Schillinger & Ingmar Schlecht & Hannes Weigt, 2018. "The Impact of Climate Change on Swiss Hydropower," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-23, July.
    9. Steve Kopp & Peter Becker & Abhijit Doshi & Dawn J. Wright & Kaixi Zhang & Hong Xu, 2019. "Achieving the Full Vision of Earth Observation Data Cubes," Data, MDPI, vol. 4(3), pages 1-19, July.
    10. Jeffrey M. Perkel, 2018. "Why Jupyter is data scientists’ computational notebook of choice," Nature, Nature, vol. 563(7729), pages 145-146, November.
    11. Thomas Bolognesi & Andrea K. Gerlak & Gregory Giuliani, 2018. "Explaining and Measuring Social-Ecological Pathways: The Case of Global Changes and Water Security," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-21, November.
    12. Daniel Ehrbar & Lukas Schmocker & David F. Vetsch & Robert M. Boes, 2018. "Hydropower Potential in the Periglacial Environment of Switzerland under Climate Change," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-14, August.
    13. Hannah Augustin & Martin Sudmanns & Dirk Tiede & Stefan Lang & Andrea Baraldi, 2019. "Semantic Earth Observation Data Cubes," Data, MDPI, vol. 4(3), pages 1-19, July.
    14. Gregory Giuliani & Joan Masó & Paolo Mazzetti & Stefano Nativi & Alaitz Zabala, 2019. "Paving the Way to Increased Interoperability of Earth Observations Data Cubes," Data, MDPI, vol. 4(3), pages 1-23, July.
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    1. Isabel Nicholson Thomas & Gregory Giuliani, 2023. "Exploring Switzerland’s Land Cover Change Dynamics Using a National Statistical Survey," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-20, July.

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