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Recycling petrodollars

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Abstract

In recent years, oil-exporting countries have experienced windfall gains with the rise in the price of oil. A look at how oil exporters \\"recycle\\" their revenues reveals that roughly half of the petrodollar windfall has gone to purchase foreign goods, especially from Europe and China, while the remainder has been invested in foreign assets. Although it is difficult to determine where the funds are first invested, the evidence suggests that the bulk are ending up, directly or indirectly, in the United States.

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  • Matthew Higgins & Thomas Klitgaard & Robert Lerman, 2006. "Recycling petrodollars," Current Issues in Economics and Finance, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, vol. 12(Dec).
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fednci:y:2006:i:dec:n:v.12no.9
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    Cited by:

    1. Allegret, Jean-Pierre & Couharde, Cécile & Coulibaly, Dramane & Mignon, Valérie, 2014. "Current accounts and oil price fluctuations in oil-exporting countries: The role of financial development," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 185-201.
    2. Goknur Umutlu & Yilmaz Yildız, 2011. "The Effect of Global Liquidity on Macroeconomic Parameters," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 1(3), pages 167181-1671, September.
    3. Projektgruppe Gemeinschaftsdiagnose, 2015. "A strong upswing thanks to cheap oil and a weak euro," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 68(08), pages 03-73, April.
    4. Johannes Pfeiffer, 2017. "Fossil Resources and Climate Change – The Green Paradox and Resource Market Power Revisited in General Equilibrium," ifo Beiträge zur Wirtschaftsforschung, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, number 77.
    5. Yao Axel Ehouman, 2020. "Do oil-market shocks drive global liquidity?," EconomiX Working Papers 2020-33, University of Paris Nanterre, EconomiX.
    6. Gergely Hudecz & Edmund Moshammer & Alexander Raabe & Gong Cheng, 2021. "The euro in the world," Discussion Papers 16, European Stability Mechanism, revised 27 Oct 2021.
    7. Marz, Waldemar & Pfeiffer, Johannes, 2020. "Petrodollar recycling, oil monopoly, and carbon taxes," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    8. Nurtac Yildirim & Oguzhan Ozcelebi & Seval Oral Ozkan, 2015. "Revisiting the impacts of oil price increases on monetary policy implementation in the largest oil importers," Zbornik radova Ekonomskog fakulteta u Rijeci/Proceedings of Rijeka Faculty of Economics, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Economics and Business, vol. 33(1), pages 11-35.
    9. Agnello, Luca & Castro, Vitor & Hammoudeh, Shawkat & Sousa, Ricardo M., 2017. "Spillovers from the oil sector to the housing market cycle," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 209-220.
    10. Matthew Higgins & Thomas Klitgaard, 2009. "Grandeur et décadence de l’accumulation d’actifs étrangers : causes et conséquences," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 9(1), pages 189-205.
    11. Waldemar Marz, 2019. "Complex dimensions of climate policy: the role of political economy, capital markets, and urban form," ifo Beiträge zur Wirtschaftsforschung, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, number 85.
    12. Mine Yücel, 2018. "Oil and the economy: evolution not revolution," Business Economics, Palgrave Macmillan;National Association for Business Economics, vol. 53(4), pages 225-231, October.
    13. Ansgar Belke & Daniel Gros, 2014. "A simple model of an oil based global savings glut—the “China factor”and the OPEC cartel," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 11(3), pages 413-430, September.
    14. Breitenfellner, Andreas & Crespo Cuaresma, Jesús & Mayer, Philipp, 2015. "Energy inflation and house price corrections," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 109-116.
    15. Robert Barsky & Matthew Easton, 2021. "The global saving glut and the fall in U.S. real interest rates: A 15-year retrospective," Economic Perspectives, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, issue EP-2021-1, pages 1-15, March.
    16. Matthew Higgins & Thomas Klitgaard, 2009. "The Rise and Fall of Sovereign Wealth Accumulation : Causes and Consequences," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 9(1), pages 179-193.
    17. Riggi, Marianna & Venditti, Fabrizio, 2015. "The time varying effect of oil price shocks on euro-area exports," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 75-94.
    18. Lilia Costabile, 2011. "International capital movements, speculation, and the 'conservation of saving' principle. A 'Harcourtian' interpretation of global imbalances and the global crisis," European Journal of Economics and Economic Policies: Intervention, Edward Elgar Publishing, vol. 8(1), pages 201-217.

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