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Price and volatility transmissions between natural gas, fertilizer, and corn markets

Author

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  • Xiaoli Liao Etienne
  • Andrés Trujillo-Barrera
  • Seth Wiggins

Abstract

Purpose - – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the price and volatility transmission between natural gas, fertilizer (ammonia), and corn markets, an issue that has been traditionally ignored in the literature despite its significant importance. Design/methodology/approach - – The authors jointly estimate a vector error correction model for the conditional mean equation and a multivariate generalized autoregressive heteroskedasticity model for the conditional volatility equation to investigate the interactions between natural gas, ammonia, and corn prices and their volatility. Findings - – The authors find significant interplay between fertilizer and corn markets, while only a mild linkage in prices and volatility exist between those markets and natural gas during the period 1994-2014. There is not only a positive relationship between corn and ammonia prices in the short run, but both prices react to deviations from the long-run parity. Furthermore, the lagged conditional volatility of ammonia prices positively affects conditional volatility in the corn market and vice versa. This result is robust to a specification using crude oil price as an alternative to natural gas price to account for the large transportation cost built into ammonia prices. Results for the period of 2006-2014 indicate virtually no linkage between natural gas prices and those of fertilizer and corn during that period, while linkages in price level and volatility between the latter remain strong. Originality/value - – This paper is the first in the literature to comprehensively examine the role of fertilizer on corn prices and volatility, and its relation to natural gas prices.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaoli Liao Etienne & Andrés Trujillo-Barrera & Seth Wiggins, 2016. "Price and volatility transmissions between natural gas, fertilizer, and corn markets," Agricultural Finance Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 76(1), pages 151-171, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:eme:afrpps:v:76:y:2016:i:1:p:151-171
    DOI: 10.1108/AFR-10-2015-0044
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Ana I. Sanjuán-López & Philip J. Dawson, 2017. "Volatility Effects of Index Trading and Spillovers on US Agricultural Futures Markets: A Multivariate GARCH Approach," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 68(3), pages 822-838, September.
    2. Eissa, Mohamad Abdelaziz & Al Refai, Hisham, 2019. "Modelling the symmetric and asymmetric relationships between oil prices and those of corn, barley, and rapeseed oil," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    3. Chowdhury, Mohammad Ashraful Ferdous & Meo, Muhammad Saeed & Uddin, Ajim & Haque, Md. Mahmudul, 2021. "Asymmetric effect of energy price on commodity price: New evidence from NARDL and time frequency wavelet approaches," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    4. Reinhard Ellwanger & Hinnerk Gnutzmann & Piotr Śpiewanowski, 2023. "Cost Pass-Through with Capacity Constraints and International Linkages," Staff Working Papers 23-16, Bank of Canada.
    5. Oleksandr Castello & Marina Resta, 2023. "A Machine-Learning-Based Approach for Natural Gas Futures Curve Modeling," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-22, June.
    6. Harun Uçak & Yakup Ari & Esin Yelgen, 2022. "The volatility connectedness among fertilisers and agricultural crop prices: Evidence from selected main agricultural products," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 68(9), pages 348-360.
    7. Hu, Zhepeng & Huang, Joshua & Yan, Lei & Yuan, Jinghong, 2023. "Deconstructing Urea Fertilizer Price Spikes: The Role of Supply-Demand, Speculation, and Energy Prices," 2023 Annual Meeting, July 23-25, Washington D.C. 335529, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    8. Lahmiri, Salim, 2017. "Asymmetric and persistent responses in price volatility of fertilizers through stable and unstable periods," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 466(C), pages 405-414.
    9. Mourad Zmami & Ousama Ben-Salha, 2023. "What factors contribute to the volatility of food prices? New global evidence," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 69(5), pages 171-184.
    10. Anton Bekkerman & Thomas Gumbley & Gary W. Brester, 2021. "The Impacts of Biofuel Policies on Spatial and Vertical Price Relationships in the US Fertilizer Industry," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 43(2), pages 802-822, June.
    11. Lahmiri, Salim, 2017. "Cointegration and causal linkages in fertilizer markets across different regimes," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 471(C), pages 181-189.

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