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Robustifying principal component analysis with spatial sign vectors

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  • Taskinen, Sara
  • Koch, Inge
  • Oja, Hannu

Abstract

In this paper, we apply orthogonally equivariant spatial sign covariance matrices as well as their affine equivariant counterparts in principal component analysis. The influence functions and asymptotic covariance matrices of eigenvectors based on robust covariance estimators are derived in order to compare the robustness and efficiency properties. We show in particular that the estimators that use pairwise differences of the observed data have very good efficiency properties, providing practical robust alternatives to classical sample covariance matrix based methods.

Suggested Citation

  • Taskinen, Sara & Koch, Inge & Oja, Hannu, 2012. "Robustifying principal component analysis with spatial sign vectors," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 82(4), pages 765-774.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:stapro:v:82:y:2012:i:4:p:765-774
    DOI: 10.1016/j.spl.2012.01.001
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    Cited by:

    1. Raymaekers, Jakob & Rousseeuw, Peter, 2019. "A generalized spatial sign covariance matrix," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 94-111.
    2. Guangxing Wang & Sisheng Liu & Fang Han & Chong‐Zhi Di, 2023. "Robust functional principal component analysis via a functional pairwise spatial sign operator," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 79(2), pages 1239-1253, June.
    3. Bera Sabyasachi & Chatterjee Snigdhansu, 2020. "High dimensional, robust, unsupervised record linkage," Statistics in Transition New Series, Polish Statistical Association, vol. 21(4), pages 123-143, August.
    4. Sabyasachi Bera & Snigdhansu Chatterjee, 2020. "High dimensional, robust, unsupervised record linkage," Statistics in Transition New Series, Polish Statistical Association, vol. 21(4), pages 123-143, August.
    5. Xin Dang & Hailin Sang & Lauren Weatherall, 2019. "Gini covariance matrix and its affine equivariant version," Statistical Papers, Springer, vol. 60(3), pages 641-666, June.
    6. Davy Paindaveine & Julien Remy & Thomas Verdebout, 2019. "Sign Tests for Weak Principal Directions," Working Papers ECARES 2019-01, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    7. Xu, Yangchang & Xia, Ningning, 2023. "On the eigenvectors of large-dimensional sample spatial sign covariance matrices," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    8. Majumdar, Subhabrata & Chatterjee, Snigdhansu, 2022. "On weighted multivariate sign functions," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    9. Hervé Cardot & Antoine Godichon-Baggioni, 2017. "Fast estimation of the median covariation matrix with application to online robust principal components analysis," TEST: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 26(3), pages 461-480, September.
    10. Dürre, Alexander & Tyler, David E. & Vogel, Daniel, 2016. "On the eigenvalues of the spatial sign covariance matrix in more than two dimensions," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 80-85.
    11. J. L. Scealy & Patrice de Caritat & Eric C. Grunsky & Michail T. Tsagris & A. H. Welsh, 2015. "Robust Principal Component Analysis for Power Transformed Compositional Data," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 110(509), pages 136-148, March.

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