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Modeling the community-level effects of male incarceration on the sexual partnerships of men and women

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  • Knittel, Andrea K.
  • Snow, Rachel C.
  • Riolo, Rick L.
  • Griffith, Derek M.
  • Morenoff, Jeffrey

Abstract

Men who have been incarcerated experience substantial changes in their sexual behavior after release from jail and prison, and high rates of incarceration may change sexual relationship patterns at a community level. Few studies, however, address how rates of incarceration affect community patterns of sexual behavior, and the implications of those patterns for HIV and STD risk. We describe a “proof of principle” computational model that tests whether rates of male incarceration could, in part, explain observed population-level differences in patterns of sexual behavior between communities with high rates of incarceration and those without. This validated agent-based model of sexual partnership among 20–25 year old heterosexual urban residents in the United States uses an algorithm that incarcerates male agents and then releases them back into the agent community. The results from these model experiments suggest that at rates of incarceration similar to those observed for urban African American men, incarceration can cause an increase in the number of partners at the community level. The results suggest that reducing incarceration and creating a more open criminal justice system that supports the maintenance of inmates' relationships to reduce instability of partnerships for men who are incarcerated may have important sexual health and public health implications. Incarceration is one of many social forces that affect sexual decision-making, and incarceration rates may have substantial effects on community-level HIV and STD risks.

Suggested Citation

  • Knittel, Andrea K. & Snow, Rachel C. & Riolo, Rick L. & Griffith, Derek M. & Morenoff, Jeffrey, 2015. "Modeling the community-level effects of male incarceration on the sexual partnerships of men and women," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 270-279.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:147:y:2015:i:c:p:270-279
    DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.11.005
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Braithwaite, R.L. & Treadwell, H.M. & Arriola, K.R.J., 2005. "Health disparities and incarcerated women: A population ignored," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 95(10), pages 1679-1681.
    2. Khan, M.R. & Epperson, M.W. & Mateu-Gelabert, P. & Bolyard, M. & Sandoval, M. & Friedman, S.R., 2011. "Incarceration, sex with an STI- or HIV-infected partner, and infection with an STI or HIV in Bushwick, Brooklyn, NY: A social network perspective," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 101(6), pages 1110-1117.
    3. Adimora, A.A. & Schoenbach, V.J. & Doherty, I.A., 2007. "Concurrent sexual partnerships among men in the United States," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 97(12), pages 2230-2237.
    4. Thomas, James C. & Thomas, Karen K., 1999. "Things ain't what they ought to be: social forces underlying racial disparities in rates of sexually transmitted diseases in a rural North Carolina county," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 49(8), pages 1075-1084, October.
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    1. Crooks, Natasha & Sun, Shufang & Wise, Akilah & DiClemente, Ralph & Sales, Jessica McDermott, 2023. "Do parental protective factors matter? Predicting HIV/STI risk among a sample of justice-involved African-American girls," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).

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