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Sequential H3PO4–CO2 assisted synthesis of lignin-derived porous carbon: CO2 activation kinetics investigation and textural properties regulation

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  • Wang, Liangcai
  • Xie, Linen
  • Wu, Jielong
  • Li, Xiang
  • Ma, Huanhuan
  • Zhou, Jianbin

Abstract

Finding a novel approach for controlling the textural properties of porous carbon and further understanding its activation process have long been highly desirable. Here, sequential H3PO4–CO2 activation and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to fabricate lignin-derived porous carbons with controllable textural properties and deeply understand the activation process of CO2, respectively. In view of performance and cost, the H3PO4 activation temperature of lignin was 590 °C (the as-obtained porous carbon was named PC-P). CO2 activation temperatures above 800 °C were preferable for PC-P, where the activation process was a chemical reaction control process. Besides, the reactivity index was linearly positively related to the specific surface area. Compared with PC-P, the specific surface area, total pore volume (Vt), micropore volume (Vmicro), mesopore volume (Vmeso), and macropore volume (Vmacro) of PC-PT (the as-synthesized porous carbon derived from PC-P at T °C in a CO2 atmosphere was named PC-PT) were all significantly increased. In other words, the approach of sequential H3PO4–CO2 activation target regulates textural properties was feasible.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Liangcai & Xie, Linen & Wu, Jielong & Li, Xiang & Ma, Huanhuan & Zhou, Jianbin, 2022. "Sequential H3PO4–CO2 assisted synthesis of lignin-derived porous carbon: CO2 activation kinetics investigation and textural properties regulation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 639-648.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:191:y:2022:i:c:p:639-648
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2022.04.036
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    1. Zhang, Wenli & Lin, Nan & Liu, Debo & Xu, Jinhui & Sha, Jinxin & Yin, Jian & Tan, Xiaobo & Yang, Huiping & Lu, Haiyan & Lin, Haibo, 2017. "Direct carbonization of rice husk to prepare porous carbon for supercapacitor applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 618-625.
    2. Rabinovich, Mikhail L. & Fedoryak, Olesya & Dobele, Galina & Andersone, Anna & Gawdzik, Barbara & Lindström, Mikael E. & Sevastyanova, Olena, 2016. "Carbon adsorbents from industrial hydrolysis lignin: The USSR/Eastern European experience and its importance for modern biorefineries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 1008-1024.
    3. Wang, Miao & Li, Pan & Yu, Faquan, 2021. "Hierarchical porous carbon foam-based phase change composite with enhanced loading capacity and thermal conductivity for efficient thermal energy storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 599-605.
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    Cited by:

    1. Dowaki, Taishi & Guo, Haixin & Smith, Richard Lee, 2022. "Lignin-derived biochar solid acid catalyst for fructose conversion into 5-ethoxymethylfurfural," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 1534-1542.

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