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Coordination of two-echelon supply chains using wholesale price discount and credit option

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  • Du, Ruo
  • Banerjee, Avijit
  • Kim, Seung-Lae

Abstract

This paper, studies the coordination of two-echelon supply chains using a credit (delayed) payment option and/or a wholesale price discount offer. We develop models for optimizing individual members’, as well as supply chain's objectives. These models lead to the determination of the retail price and the order quantity for the buyer, as well as the production batch size, wholesale discount and/or the credit period offer for the supplier, under five different scenarios. Our analysis indicates the superiority of a coordinating policy that incorporates both a quantity discount, as well as a credit payment option. With equitable profit sharing, such a policy can be beneficial for both the parties towards increasing total supply chain profitability.

Suggested Citation

  • Du, Ruo & Banerjee, Avijit & Kim, Seung-Lae, 2013. "Coordination of two-echelon supply chains using wholesale price discount and credit option," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 143(2), pages 327-334.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:proeco:v:143:y:2013:i:2:p:327-334
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2011.12.017
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    Cited by:

    1. Panda, S. & Modak, N.M. & Basu, M. & Goyal, S.K., 2015. "Channel coordination and profit distribution in a social responsible three-layer supply chain," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 224-233.
    2. Weraikat, Dua & Zanjani, Masoumeh Kazemi & Lehoux, Nadia, 2016. "Two-echelon pharmaceutical reverse supply chain coordination with customers incentives," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 41-52.
    3. Zhang, Li-Hao & Zhang, Cheng, 2022. "Manufacturer encroachment with capital-constrained competitive retailers," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 296(3), pages 1067-1083.
    4. Xie, Yue & Tai, Allen H. & Ching, Wai-Ki & Siu, Tak-Kuen, 2016. "Pricing strategy for a two-echelon supply chain with optimized return effort level," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 185-195.
    5. Yang, Honglin & Zhuo, Wenyan & Shao, Lusheng, 2017. "Equilibrium evolution in a two-echelon supply chain with financially constrained retailers: The impact of equity financing," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 139-149.
    6. Mohammad Reza Gholamian & Mahdi Ebrahimzadeh-Afruzi, 2021. "Credit and discount incentive options for two-level supply chain coordination, under uncertain price-dependent demand," Operational Research, Springer, vol. 21(4), pages 2283-2307, December.
    7. Li-Hao Zhang & Cheng Zhang & Jie Yang, 2023. "Impacts of power structure and financing choice on manufacturer’s encroachment in a supply chain," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 322(1), pages 273-319, March.
    8. Panda, S. & Modak, N.M. & Sana, S.S. & Basu, M., 2015. "Pricing and replenishment policies in dual-channel supply chain under continuous unit cost decrease," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 256(C), pages 913-929.
    9. Chen, Jianxin & Zheng, Junhao & Zhang, Tonghua & Hou, Rui & Zhou, Yong-wu, 2022. "Dynamical complexity of pricing and green level for a dyadic supply chain with capital constraint," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 1-21.
    10. Xu, Guangye & Dan, Bin & Zhang, Xumei & Liu, Can, 2014. "Coordinating a dual-channel supply chain with risk-averse under a two-way revenue sharing contract," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 147(PA), pages 171-179.
    11. Gao, Deng & Zhao, Xiaobo & Geng, Wei, 2014. "A delay-in-payment contract for Pareto improvement of a supply chain with stochastic demand," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 60-68.
    12. Shashi & Rajwinder Singh & Amir Shabani, 2017. "Value‐Adding Practices in Food Supply Chain: Evidence from Indian Food Industry," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 33(1), pages 116-130, January.
    13. Taleizadeh, Ata Allah & Pentico, David W., 2014. "An Economic Order Quantity model with partial backordering and all-units discount," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 172-184.
    14. Jafar Heydari, 2015. "Coordinating replenishment decisions in a two-stage supply chain by considering truckload limitation based on delay in payments," International Journal of Systems Science, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(10), pages 1897-1908, July.
    15. Yuan, Yanhong & Yang, Jinyao & Li, Yang & Li, Wei, 2020. "Necessary conditions for coordination of dual-channel closed-loop supply chain," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    16. Mu, Xiuqing & Kang, Kai & Zhang, Jing, 2022. "Dual-channel supply chain coordination considering credit sales competition," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 434(C).
    17. Xiaoli Zhang & Guoyi Xiu & Fakhar Shahzad & Yupeng Duan, 2021. "Optimal Financing Strategy in a Capital-Constrained Supply Chain with Retailer Green Marketing Efforts," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-19, January.
    18. Johari, Maryam & Hosseini-Motlagh, Seyyed-Mahdi & Nematollahi, Mohammadreza & Goh, Mark & Ignatius, Joshua, 2018. "Bi-level credit period coordination for periodic review inventory system with price-credit dependent demand under time value of money," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 270-291.
    19. Juanjuan Qin & Aina Zhang & Liangjie Xia & Mengqi Liu, 2017. "Retail Order-Taking Strategies Under Competing Trade Credit Policies With Varying Demands," Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research (APJOR), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 34(01), pages 1-17, February.
    20. Viktoryia Buhayenko & Dick den Hertog, 2017. "Adjustable Robust Optimisation approach to optimise discounts for multi-period supply chain coordination under demand uncertainty," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 55(22), pages 6801-6823, November.
    21. Chen, Kebing & Xiao, Tiaojun, 2015. "Outsourcing strategy and production disruption of supply chain with demand and capacity allocation uncertainties," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 170(PA), pages 243-257.
    22. Xing Yu & Huaizhe Chen & Kongzhuo Xiang & Zhongkai Wan, 2021. "Supply chain financing mechanism with guarantee insurance," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(2), pages 308-318, March.

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