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Applying the classic rape scenario to robbery: An examination of situational characteristics and reporting victimization to police

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  • Muniz, Caitlyn N.
  • Powers, Ráchael A.

Abstract

The classic rape scenario creates an expectation that “real rape” only occurs in the context of certain situational characteristics. These stereotyped expectations are attributed to the low rates of sexual assault reporting especially when compared to other violent crimes like robbery. However, the literature on sexual assault reporting has been divorced from the larger criminological literature on reporting with few comparisons to other types of crimes, therefore the uniqueness of these situational factors for sexual assault is unknown. Robbery is particularly well-suited for comparison to sexual assault due to the presence of situational characteristics similar to those of “real rape” and a lack of stereotyped expectations of victimization. Using logistic regression and multiequation probit modeling, this study employs the NCVS to explore the decision to report robberies and sexual assaults to police and the differences attributed to negative perceptions of police for nonreporters. We found that robberies were indeed more likely to reflect the classic scenario and thus more accurately reflect what is expected in the classic rape scenario. However, few differences were found in regards to the decision to report and reasons for nonreporting across classic scenario characteristics. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Muniz, Caitlyn N. & Powers, Ráchael A., 2021. "Applying the classic rape scenario to robbery: An examination of situational characteristics and reporting victimization to police," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jcjust:v:72:y:2021:i:c:s0047235220302312
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2020.101737
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Maxwell, Christopher D. & Robinson, Amanda L. & Post, Lori A., 2003. "The impact of race on the adjudication of sexual assault and other violent crimes," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 31(6), pages 523-538.
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    3. Bosick, Stacey J. & Rennison, Callie Marie & Gover, Angela R. & Dodge, Mary, 2012. "Reporting violence to the police: Predictors through the life course," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 40(6), pages 441-451.
    4. Reyns, Bradford W. & Englebrecht, Christine M., 2010. "The stalking victim's decision to contact the police: A test of Gottfredson and Gottfredson's theory of criminal justice decision making," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 38(5), pages 998-1005, September.
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