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Theoretical and experimental study on the aerodynamic characteristics of a horizontal axis wind turbine

Author

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  • Kishinami, Koki
  • Taniguchi, Hiroshi
  • Suzuki, Jun
  • Ibano, Hiroshi
  • Kazunou, Takashi
  • Turuhami, Masato

Abstract

The aerodynamic performance characteristics of a horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) were investigated theoretically by an analysis involving a combination of momentum, energy and blade element theory by means of the strip element method, and experimentally by the use of a subscale demonstration model. In this study, two approaches involving combination analysis are made use of, namely, the thrust–torque and the thrust–energy methods. Although both approaches yield identical results, the latter is superior for elucidating the relationship of the kinetic energy of the flows on the blades. Scale experiments are performed with three types of wing aerofoil involving different arrangements with the free stream velocity, U∞=0.8–4.5m/s, and for the open type of wind tunnel with an outlet duct diameter of 0.88m. The experimental and theoretical characteristics of the HAWT using the different three types of the HAWT blades are discussed by reference to the power, torque and thrust coefficients, CP, CT, Cth, and the tip speed ratio λ from the point of view of variable pitch control and fixed pitch stall control methods for the output regulation. The aeronautical characteristics predicted by means of the present numerical approaches, for large units involving large power generation at high efficiency, are discussed, and it is clear how to obtain optimized design parameters that play a significant role in the overall performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Kishinami, Koki & Taniguchi, Hiroshi & Suzuki, Jun & Ibano, Hiroshi & Kazunou, Takashi & Turuhami, Masato, 2005. "Theoretical and experimental study on the aerodynamic characteristics of a horizontal axis wind turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 30(11), pages 2089-2100.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:30:y:2005:i:11:p:2089-2100
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2004.08.015
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    Cited by:

    1. Li, Qing'an & Kamada, Yasunari & Maeda, Takao & Murata, Junsuke & Nishida, Yusuke, 2016. "Effect of turbulent inflows on airfoil performance for a Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine at low Reynolds numbers (Part II: Dynamic pressure measurement)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 574-587.
    2. Chi-Jeng Bai & Wei-Cheng Wang & Po-Wei Chen & Wen-Tong Chong, 2014. "System Integration of the Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbine: The Design of Turbine Blades with an Axial-Flux Permanent Magnet Generator," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(11), pages 1-21, November.
    3. Li, Qing'an & Cai, Chang & Kamada, Yasunari & Maeda, Takao & Hiromori, Yuto & Zhou, Shuni & Xu, Jianzhong, 2021. "Prediction of power generation of two 30 kW Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines with Gaussian model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    4. Moon, Hyeongi & Jeong, Junhee & Park, Sunho & Ha, Kwangtae & Jeong, Jae-Ho, 2023. "Numerical and experimental validation of vortex generator effect on power performance improvement in MW-class wind turbine blade," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 443-454.
    5. Rocha, P. A. Costa & Rocha, H. H. Barbosa & Carneiro, F. O. Moura & da Silva, M. E. Vieira & de Andrade, C. Freitas, 2016. "A case study on the calibration of the k–ω SST (shear stress transport) turbulence model for small scale wind turbines designed with cambered and symmetrical airfoils," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 144-150.
    6. Sedaghat, Ahmad & El Haj Assad, M. & Gaith, Mohamed, 2014. "Aerodynamics performance of continuously variable speed horizontal axis wind turbine with optimal blades," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 752-759.
    7. Małgorzata Stępień & Michał Kulak & Krzysztof Jóźwik, 2020. "“Fast Track” Analysis of Small Wind Turbine Blade Performance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-16, November.
    8. Shen, Xin & Zhu, Xiaocheng & Du, Zhaohui, 2011. "Wind turbine aerodynamics and loads control in wind shear flow," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(3), pages 1424-1434.
    9. Xie, Wei & Zeng, Pan & Lei, Liping, 2015. "Wind tunnel experiments for innovative pitch regulated blade of horizontal axis wind turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 1070-1080.
    10. Lanzafame, R. & Messina, M., 2010. "Power curve control in micro wind turbine design," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 556-561.
    11. Li, Qing'an & Kamada, Yasunari & Maeda, Takao & Murata, Junsuke & Nishida, Yusuke, 2016. "Visualization of the flow field and aerodynamic force on a Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine in turbulent inflows," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 57-67.
    12. Zghal, Wissem & Kantchev, Gueorgui & Kchaou, Hédi, 2011. "Optimization and management of the energy produced by a wind energizing system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(2), pages 1080-1088, February.
    13. Vardar, Ali & Alibas, Ilknur, 2008. "Research on wind turbine rotor models using NACA profiles," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(7), pages 1721-1732.
    14. Imraan, Mustahib & Sharma, Rajnish N. & Flay, Richard G.J., 2013. "Wind tunnel testing of a wind turbine with telescopic blades: The influence of blade extension," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 22-32.
    15. Fei-Bin Hsiao & Chi-Jeng Bai & Wen-Tong Chong, 2013. "The Performance Test of Three Different Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) Blade Shapes Using Experimental and Numerical Methods," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(6), pages 1-20, June.
    16. Senthil Kumar Madasamy & Vijayanandh Raja & Hussein A Z AL-bonsrulah & Mohammed Al-Bahrani, 2022. "Design, development and multi-disciplinary investigations of aerodynamic, structural, energy and exergy factors on 1 kW horizontal-axis wind turbine [Composite materials for wind power turbine blad," International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies, Oxford University Press, vol. 17, pages 1292-1318.
    17. Han, Wanlong & Yan, Peigang & Han, Wanjin & He, Yurong, 2015. "Design of wind turbines with shroud and lobed ejectors for efficient utilization of low-grade wind energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 687-701.
    18. Peter J. Schubel & Richard J. Crossley, 2012. "Wind Turbine Blade Design," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(9), pages 1-25, September.
    19. Nak Joon Choi & Sang Hyun Nam & Jong Hyun Jeong & Kyung Chun Kim, 2014. "CFD Study on Aerodynamic Power Output Changes with Inter-Turbine Spacing Variation for a 6 MW Offshore Wind Farm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(11), pages 1-16, November.
    20. Rocha, P.A. Costa & Rocha, H.H. Barbosa & Carneiro, F.O. Moura & Vieira da Silva, M.E. & Bueno, A. Valente, 2014. "k–ω SST (shear stress transport) turbulence model calibration: A case study on a small scale horizontal axis wind turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 412-418.
    21. Bai, Chi-Jeng & Wang, Wei-Cheng, 2016. "Review of computational and experimental approaches to analysis of aerodynamic performance in horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWTs)," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 506-519.
    22. Jeong, Min-Soo & Cha, Myung-Chan & Kim, Sang-Woo & Lee, In, 2015. "Numerical investigation of optimal yaw misalignment and collective pitch angle for load imbalance reduction of rigid and flexible HAWT blades under sheared inflow," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 518-532.
    23. Wang, Zhenyu & Ozbay, Ahmet & Tian, Wei & Hu, Hui, 2018. "An experimental study on the aerodynamic performances and wake characteristics of an innovative dual-rotor wind turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 94-109.
    24. Liu, Pengfei, 2010. "A computational hydrodynamics method for horizontal axis turbine – Panel method modeling migration from propulsion to turbine energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(7), pages 2843-2851.

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