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The impact of independent living programs on foster youths' educational outcomes: A scoping review

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  • Liu, Chun
  • Vazquez, Christian
  • Jones, Kristian
  • Fong, Rowena

Abstract

Independent living programs (ILP) are designed to increase positive outcomes for foster youth aging out of care in the various aspects of life such as education, employment, and housing. The purpose of this scoping review is to assess the effectiveness of independent living programs on educational outcomes among youths aging out of the foster care system in United States. A literature search was conducted among databases and dissertation abstracts. Publication dates of studies were restricted to 2005 to 2018. Language was restricted to English. Eleven articles were included in this review. Thematic findings included constant placement changes impacted educational outcomes, housing considerations should be paired with education, acknowledging individual youth characteristics is important as well as encouraging youth to participate as early as possible. The implications for agency practices and policies are also discussed in the study.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Chun & Vazquez, Christian & Jones, Kristian & Fong, Rowena, 2019. "The impact of independent living programs on foster youths' educational outcomes: A scoping review," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 213-220.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:98:y:2019:i:c:p:213-220
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.01.006
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Harper, Julie & Schmidt, Fred, 2012. "Preliminary effects of a group-based tutoring program for children in long-term foster care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 1176-1182.
    2. Kroner, Mark J. & Mares, Alvin S., 2009. "Lighthouse independent living program: Characteristics of youth served and their outcomes at discharge," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(5), pages 563-571, May.
    3. Lindsey, Elizabeth W. & Ahmed, Fasih U., 1999. "The North Carolina independent living program: A comparison of outcomes for participants and nonparticipants," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 21(5), pages 389-412, May.
    4. Lemon, Kathy & Hines, Alice M. & Merdinger, Joan, 2005. "From foster care to young adulthood: The role of independent living programs in supporting successful transitions," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 27(3), pages 251-270, March.
    5. C Donkoh & K Underhill & P Montgomery, 2006. "PROTOCOL: Independent living programmes for improving outcomes for young people leaving the care system," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 2(1), pages 1-17.
    6. Montgomery, Paul & Donkoh, Charles & Underhill, Kristen, 2006. "Independent living programs for young people leaving the care system: The state of the evidence," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 28(12), pages 1435-1448, December.
    7. Pecora, Peter J. & Kessler, Ronald C. & O'Brien, Kirk & White, Catherine Roller & Williams, Jason & Hiripi, Eva & English, Diana & White, James & Herrick, Mary Anne, 2006. "Educational and employment outcomes of adults formerly placed in foster care: Results from the Northwest Foster Care Alumni Study," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 28(12), pages 1459-1481, December.
    8. Villegas, Susy & Rosenthal, James & O'Brien, Kirk & Pecora, Peter J., 2014. "Educational outcomes for adults formerly in foster care: The role of ethnicity," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 42-52.
    9. Miller, Paul W & Mulvey, Charles & Martin, Nick, 1995. "What Do Twins Studies Reveal about the Economic Returns to Education? A Comparison of Australian and U.S. Findings," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 85(3), pages 586-599, June.
    10. Powers, Laurie E. & Geenen, Sarah & Powers, Jennifer & Pommier-Satya, Summer & Turner, Alison & Dalton, Lawrence D. & Drummond, Diann & Swank, Paul, 2012. "My Life: Effects of a longitudinal, randomized study of self-determination enhancement on the transition outcomes of youth in foster care and special education," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 34(11), pages 2179-2187.
    11. Charles Donkoh & Kristen Underhill & Paul Montgomery, 2006. "Independent Living Programmes for Improving Outcomes for Young People Leaving the Care System," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 2(1), pages 1-34.
    12. Cook, Ronna J., 1994. "Are we helping foster care youth prepare for their future?," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 16(3-4), pages 213-229.
    13. Kerman, Benjamin & Wildfire, Judith & Barth, Richard P., 2002. "Outcomes for Young Adults Who Experienced Foster Care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 24(5), pages 319-344, May.
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