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A systematic review of the effectiveness of interagency and cross-system collaborations in the United States to improve child welfare outcomes

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  • Ogbonnaya, Ijeoma Nwabuzor
  • Keeney, Annie J.

Abstract

The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize the effects of interagency and cross-system collaboration aimed to improve child welfare-involved children and family outcomes related to safety, permanency, and well-being. We conducted a comprehensive search to identify studies that evaluated interagency/cross-system child welfare collaborations, resulting in 11 studies selected for inclusion. The analysis included narrative and meta-analysis approaches. All selected studies focused on substance use; our search criteria did not identify any interagency collaborations related to other co-occurring conditions, such as domestic violence and mental health. Results from both narrative and meta-analyses revealed family drug treatment court (FDTC) collaboration intervention was positively associated with the entry (OR = 2.935, 95% CI [1.498, 5.753]) and completion (OR = 2.074, 95% CI [1.263, 3.406]) of substance use services. Additionally, FDTC (OR = 2.401, 95% CI [1.751, 3.292]) and recovery coaches (OR = 1.522, 95% CI [1.166, 1.987]) were positively associated with likelihood of reunification. Narrative and meta-analysis results related to the relationship between FDTC and days to reunification were less positive across studies (g = 0.470, 95% CI [0.247, 0.694]). Thus suggesting, although FDTC may positively influence the likelihood that children are reunified with their families in the future, this intervention may have less influence on how quickly families achieve the reunification process. We found positive client outcomes regardless if there existed a lower (co-ordination) or higher (integration) level of collaboration, demonstrating positive collaboration outcomes may occur using limited child welfare resources. This systematic review can benefit child welfare practitioners, policymakers, and families in selecting the most appropriate and effective interagency/cross-system substance use services. We discuss recommendations for future research.

Suggested Citation

  • Ogbonnaya, Ijeoma Nwabuzor & Keeney, Annie J., 2018. "A systematic review of the effectiveness of interagency and cross-system collaborations in the United States to improve child welfare outcomes," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 225-245.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:94:y:2018:i:c:p:225-245
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.10.008
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    1. Mills, Linda G. & Friend, Colleen & Conroy, Kathryn & Fleck-Henderson, Ann & Krug, Stefan & Magen, Randy H. & Thomas, Rebecca L. & Trudeau, John H., 2000. "Child protection and domestic violence: Training, practice, and policy issues," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 22(5), pages 315-332, May.
    2. Ryan, Joseph P. & Victor, Bryan G. & Moore, Andrew & Mowbray, Orion & Perron, Brian E., 2016. "Recovery coaches and the stability of reunification for substance abusing families in child welfare," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 357-363.
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    4. Trout, Alexandra L. & Hagaman, Jessica & Casey, Kathryn & Reid, Robert & Epstein, Michael H., 2008. "The academic status of children and youth in out-of-home care: A review of the literature," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 30(9), pages 979-994, September.
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    1. Bai, Rong & Collins, Cyleste & Fischer, Robert & Crampton, David, 2023. "Facilitators and barriers to reunification among housing unstable families," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    2. Jill R. McTavish & Christine McKee & Masako Tanaka & Harriet L. MacMillan, 2022. "Child Welfare Reform: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-24, October.
    3. Perez Jolles, Monica & McBeath, Bowen & Collins-Camargo, Crystal & Chuang, Emmeline, 2022. "Organizational complexity within private child welfare agencies in the United States and impact on agency performance outlook," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    4. Bai, Rong & Collins, Cyleste & Fischer, Robert & Crampton, David, 2019. "Pursuing collaboration to improve services for child welfare-involved housing unstable families," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 1-1.

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