IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v229y2018icp1218-1232.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A diesel replacement strategy for off-grid systems based on progressive introduction of PV and batteries: An Indonesian case study

Author

Listed:
  • Rodríguez-Gallegos, Carlos D.
  • Gandhi, Oktoviano
  • Bieri, Monika
  • Reindl, Thomas
  • Panda, S.K.

Abstract

In many locations, grids are energized only by diesel generators (DG-only systems). Due to the requirements such as cost reduction and performance improvement, solar panels and batteries have increasingly been introduced into these grids. Nonetheless, many initiatives to hybridize the grids are still thwarted because of the high initial investment. In this work, a gradual diesel replacement strategy is proposed. The strategy starts with a lower initial investment and gradually adds solar panels and batteries in the subsequent years using accumulated savings from the lower diesel consumption. An Indonesian island is used as a case study to validate the proposed strategy. When only diesel generators are used, the life-cycle cost over a period of 25 years is 10.53 mil. USD. It is demonstrated through optimization that by lowering the initial investment to 0.25 mil. USD and gradually using the yearly savings to reinvest in purchasing additional solar panels and batteries, the life-cycle cost is reduced to 6.62 mil. USD (only 3.8% is required for the initial investment). Hence, with the proposed approach, the barrier of initial investment is minimized, and thus more renewable energy sources can be integrated into existing DG-only systems making the power generation more environment-friendly.

Suggested Citation

  • Rodríguez-Gallegos, Carlos D. & Gandhi, Oktoviano & Bieri, Monika & Reindl, Thomas & Panda, S.K., 2018. "A diesel replacement strategy for off-grid systems based on progressive introduction of PV and batteries: An Indonesian case study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C), pages 1218-1232.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:229:y:2018:i:c:p:1218-1232
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.08.019
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261918311747
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.08.019?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gandhi, Oktoviano & Rodríguez-Gallegos, Carlos D. & Zhang, Wenjie & Srinivasan, Dipti & Reindl, Thomas, 2018. "Economic and technical analysis of reactive power provision from distributed energy resources in microgrids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 827-841.
    2. Zhao, Bo & Zhang, Xuesong & Li, Peng & Wang, Ke & Xue, Meidong & Wang, Caisheng, 2014. "Optimal sizing, operating strategy and operational experience of a stand-alone microgrid on Dongfushan Island," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1656-1666.
    3. Ogunjuyigbe, A.S.O. & Ayodele, T.R. & Akinola, O.A., 2016. "Optimal allocation and sizing of PV/Wind/Split-diesel/Battery hybrid energy system for minimizing life cycle cost, carbon emission and dump energy of remote residential building," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 153-171.
    4. Zakeri, Behnam & Syri, Sanna, 2015. "Electrical energy storage systems: A comparative life cycle cost analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 569-596.
    5. Rodríguez-Gallegos, Carlos D. & Yang, Dazhi & Gandhi, Oktoviano & Bieri, Monika & Reindl, Thomas & Panda, S.K., 2018. "A multi-objective and robust optimization approach for sizing and placement of PV and batteries in off-grid systems fully operated by diesel generators: An Indonesian case study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 410-429.
    6. Tsuanyo, David & Azoumah, Yao & Aussel, Didier & Neveu, Pierre, 2015. "Modeling and optimization of batteryless hybrid PV (photovoltaic)/Diesel systems for off-grid applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 152-163.
    7. Roberts, Justo José & Marotta Cassula, Agnelo & Silveira, José Luz & da Costa Bortoni, Edson & Mendiburu, Andrés Z., 2018. "Robust multi-objective optimization of a renewable based hybrid power system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C), pages 52-68.
    8. Soshinskaya, Mariya & Crijns-Graus, Wina H.J. & van der Meer, Jos & Guerrero, Josep M., 2014. "Application of a microgrid with renewables for a water treatment plant," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 20-34.
    9. Yilmaz, Saban & Dincer, Furkan, 2017. "Optimal design of hybrid PV-Diesel-Battery systems for isolated lands: A case study for Kilis, Turkey," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 344-352.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Rodríguez-Gallegos, Carlos D. & Vinayagam, Lokesh & Gandhi, Oktoviano & Yagli, Gokhan Mert & Alvarez-Alvarado, Manuel S. & Srinivasan, Dipti & Reindl, Thomas & Panda, S.K., 2021. "Novel forecast-based dispatch strategy optimization for PV hybrid systems in real time," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    2. Wang, Richard & Lam, Chor-Man & Hsu, Shu-Chien & Chen, Jieh-Haur, 2019. "Life cycle assessment and energy payback time of a standalone hybrid renewable energy commercial microgrid: A case study of Town Island in Hong Kong," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C), pages 760-775.
    3. Bertheau, Paul & Cader, Catherina, 2019. "Electricity sector planning for the Philippine islands: Considering centralized and decentralized supply options," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    4. Jamal, Taskin & Carter, Craig & Schmidt, Thomas & Shafiullah, G.M. & Calais, Martina & Urmee, Tania, 2019. "An energy flow simulation tool for incorporating short-term PV forecasting in a diesel-PV-battery off-grid power supply system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    5. Luerssen, Christoph & Gandhi, Oktoviano & Reindl, Thomas & Sekhar, Chandra & Cheong, David, 2020. "Life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) of PV-powered cooling systems with thermal energy and battery storage for off-grid applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    6. Gandhi, Oktoviano & Rodríguez-Gallegos, Carlos D. & Zhang, Wenjie & Reindl, Thomas & Srinivasan, Dipti, 2022. "Levelised cost of PV integration for distribution networks," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    7. Alex Felice & Jacopo Barbieri & Ander Martinez Alonso & Maarten Messagie & Thierry Coosemans, 2023. "Challenges of Phasing out Emergency Diesel Generators: The Case Study of Lacor Hospital’s Energy Community," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-15, January.
    8. Jurasz, Jakub & Guezgouz, Mohammed & Campana, Pietro E. & Kies, Alexander, 2022. "On the impact of load profile data on the optimization results of off-grid energy systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    9. Kim, Jeong Hun & Cho, Jae Yong & Jhun, Jeong Pil & Song, Gyeong Ju & Eom, Jong Hyuk & Jeong, Sinwoo & Hwang, Wonseop & Woo, Min Sik & Sung, Tae Hyun, 2021. "Development of a hybrid type smart pen piezoelectric energy harvester for an IoT platform," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    10. Mazzeo, Domenico, 2019. "Nocturnal electric vehicle charging interacting with a residential photovoltaic-battery system: a 3E (energy, economic and environmental) analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 310-331.
    11. Polamarasetty P Kumar & Ramakrishna S. S. Nuvvula & Md. Alamgir Hossain & SK. A. Shezan & Vishnu Suresh & Michal Jasinski & Radomir Gono & Zbigniew Leonowicz, 2022. "Optimal Operation of an Integrated Hybrid Renewable Energy System with Demand-Side Management in a Rural Context," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-50, July.
    12. Arévalo, Paúl & Cano, Antonio & Jurado, Francisco, 2022. "Mitigation of carbon footprint with 100% renewable energy system by 2050: The case of Galapagos islands," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    13. Gorman, Will & Jarvis, Stephen & Callaway, Duncan, 2020. "Should I Stay Or Should I Go? The importance of electricity rate design for household defection from the power grid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    14. Oluwaseun Olanrewaju Akinte & Boonyang Plangklang & Boonrit Prasartkaew & Taiwo Samuel Aina, 2023. "Energy Storage Management of a Solar Photovoltaic–Biomass Hybrid Power System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-31, July.
    15. Choi, Chong Seok & Ravi, Sujith & Siregar, Iskandar Z. & Dwiyanti, Fifi Gus & Macknick, Jordan & Elchinger, Michael & Davatzes, Nicholas C., 2021. "Combined land use of solar infrastructure and agriculture for socioeconomic and environmental co-benefits in the tropics," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Luerssen, Christoph & Gandhi, Oktoviano & Reindl, Thomas & Sekhar, Chandra & Cheong, David, 2020. "Life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) of PV-powered cooling systems with thermal energy and battery storage for off-grid applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    2. Rodríguez-Gallegos, Carlos D. & Yang, Dazhi & Gandhi, Oktoviano & Bieri, Monika & Reindl, Thomas & Panda, S.K., 2018. "A multi-objective and robust optimization approach for sizing and placement of PV and batteries in off-grid systems fully operated by diesel generators: An Indonesian case study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 410-429.
    3. Rahmat Khezri & Amin Mahmoudi & Hirohisa Aki & S. M. Muyeen, 2021. "Optimal Planning of Remote Area Electricity Supply Systems: Comprehensive Review, Recent Developments and Future Scopes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-29, September.
    4. Lan, Hai & Wen, Shuli & Hong, Ying-Yi & Yu, David C. & Zhang, Lijun, 2015. "Optimal sizing of hybrid PV/diesel/battery in ship power system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 26-34.
    5. Sun, Wei & Harrison, Gareth P., 2019. "Wind-solar complementarity and effective use of distribution network capacity," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C), pages 89-101.
    6. Jaszczur, Marek & Hassan, Qusay & Palej, Patryk & Abdulateef, Jasim, 2020. "Multi-Objective optimisation of a micro-grid hybrid power system for household application," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C).
    7. Wen, Shuli & Lan, Hai & Hong, Ying-Yi & Yu, David C. & Zhang, Lijun & Cheng, Peng, 2016. "Allocation of ESS by interval optimization method considering impact of ship swinging on hybrid PV/diesel ship power system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 158-167.
    8. Ioannis E. Kosmadakis & Costas Elmasides, 2021. "A Sizing Method for PV–Battery–Generator Systems for Off-Grid Applications Based on the LCOE," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-29, April.
    9. William López-Castrillón & Héctor H. Sepúlveda & Cristian Mattar, 2021. "Off-Grid Hybrid Electrical Generation Systems in Remote Communities: Trends and Characteristics in Sustainability Solutions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-29, May.
    10. Toopshekan, Ashkan & Yousefi, Hossein & Astaraei, Fatemeh Razi, 2020. "Technical, economic, and performance analysis of a hybrid energy system using a novel dispatch strategy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    11. Ma, Qian & Huang, Xiang & Wang, Feng & Xu, Chao & Babaei, Reza & Ahmadian, Hossein, 2022. "Optimal sizing and feasibility analysis of grid-isolated renewable hybrid microgrids: Effects of energy management controllers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    12. Gandhi, Oktoviano & Rodríguez-Gallegos, Carlos D. & Zhang, Wenjie & Reindl, Thomas & Srinivasan, Dipti, 2022. "Levelised cost of PV integration for distribution networks," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    13. Kabalcı, Ersan, 2018. "An islanded hybrid microgrid design with decentralized DC and AC subgrid controllers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 185-199.
    14. Amrollahi, Mohammad Hossein & Bathaee, Seyyed Mohammad Taghi, 2017. "Techno-economic optimization of hybrid photovoltaic/wind generation together with energy storage system in a stand-alone micro-grid subjected to demand response," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 66-77.
    15. Keck, Felix & Lenzen, Manfred & Vassallo, Anthony & Li, Mengyu, 2019. "The impact of battery energy storage for renewable energy power grids in Australia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 647-657.
    16. Lei Zhang & Yingqi Liu & Beibei Pang & Bingxiang Sun & Ari Kokko, 2020. "Second Use Value of China’s New Energy Vehicle Battery: A View Based on Multi-Scenario Simulation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-25, January.
    17. Come Zebra, Emília Inês & van der Windt, Henny J. & Nhumaio, Geraldo & Faaij, André P.C., 2021. "A review of hybrid renewable energy systems in mini-grids for off-grid electrification in developing countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    18. Adefarati, T. & Bansal, R.C. & Bettayeb, M. & Naidoo, R., 2021. "Optimal energy management of a PV-WTG-BSS-DG microgrid system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
    19. Yuanli Liu & Minwu Chen & Shaofeng Lu & Yinyu Chen & Qunzhan Li, 2018. "Optimized Sizing and Scheduling of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for High-Speed Railway Traction Substations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-29, August.
    20. Nguyen, Hai Tra & Safder, Usman & Nhu Nguyen, X.Q. & Yoo, ChangKyoo, 2020. "Multi-objective decision-making and optimal sizing of a hybrid renewable energy system to meet the dynamic energy demands of a wastewater treatment plant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:229:y:2018:i:c:p:1218-1232. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.