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Improvement of FAO-56 method for olive orchards through sequential assimilation of thermal infrared-based estimates of ET

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  • Er-Raki, S.
  • Chehbouni, A.
  • Hoedjes, J.
  • Ezzahar, J.
  • Duchemin, B.
  • Jacob, F.

Abstract

The aim of this study is to use the FAO-56-based single crop coefficient approach to estimate actual evapotranspiration (AET) of an olive (Olea europaea L.) orchard in the Mediterranean semi arid region of Tensift-basin (central Morocco) during two consecutive growing seasons (2003 and 2004). The results showed that using crop coefficients Kc suggested by FAO-56 method yielded an AET overestimation by about 18% when compared against eddy covariance measurements. Therefore, the determination of appropriate Kc values is required to accurately estimate crop water requirement of olive orchards in such water scarce area. In this study, after applying the Kc values derived over olive orchard in Spain by Pastor and Orgaz [Pastor, M., Orgaz, F., 1994. Riego deficitario del olivar: los programas de recorte de riego en olivar. Agricultura 746, 768-776 (in Spanish)], a better agreement was observed between measured and simulated AET. The root mean square error (RMSE) was reduced by about 28%, from 0.80 to 0.61 mm/day for 2003 and from 0.93 to 0.69 mm/day for 2004. The used Kc values of olives at three crop growth stages (initial, mid-season and maturity) were 0.65, 0.45, and 0.65, respectively, the mid-season stage value being considerably lower than that suggested by the FAO-56. Despite these improvements in the performance of AET simulations, some discrepancies between measured and simulated AET remained, especially when water stress occurred. These discrepancies were ascribed to the estimation of the stress coefficient Kc To overcome this problem, we assimilated into FAO-56 single source model estimates of AET derived from a simple energy balance model along with thermal infrared observations. The latter were collected with the ASTER sensor in 2003 and from ground-based measurements in 2004. The results showed a clear improvement for FAO-56 performances after assimilation: for 2003 and 2004, the RMSE values between observations and simulations, respectively, dropped down from 0.61 to 0.52 and from 0.69 to 0.46 (corresponding to relative reductions of 15 and 40%, respectively).

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  • Er-Raki, S. & Chehbouni, A. & Hoedjes, J. & Ezzahar, J. & Duchemin, B. & Jacob, F., 2008. "Improvement of FAO-56 method for olive orchards through sequential assimilation of thermal infrared-based estimates of ET," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 95(3), pages 309-321, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:95:y:2008:i:3:p:309-321
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    4. Er-Raki, S. & Chehbouni, A. & Boulet, G. & Williams, D.G., 2010. "Using the dual approach of FAO-56 for partitioning ET into soil and plant components for olive orchards in a semi-arid region," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 97(11), pages 1769-1778, November.
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    14. Ortega-Salazar, Samuel & Ortega-Farías, Samuel & Kilic, Ayse & Allen, Richard, 2021. "Performance of the METRIC model for mapping energy balance components and actual evapotranspiration over a superintensive drip-irrigated olive orchard," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
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    17. Zhao, Peng & Li, Sien & Li, Fusheng & Du, Taisheng & Tong, Ling & Kang, Shaozhong, 2015. "Comparison of dual crop coefficient method and Shuttleworth–Wallace model in evapotranspiration partitioning in a vineyard of northwest China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 41-56.
    18. Amazirh, Abdelhakim & Er-Raki, Salah & Ojha, Nitu & Bouras, El houssaine & Rivalland, Vincent & Merlin, Olivier & Chehbouni, Abdelghani, 2022. "Assimilation of SMAP disaggregated soil moisture and Landsat land surface temperature to improve FAO-56 estimates of ET in semi-arid regions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    19. C. Santos & I. Lorite & R. Allen & M. Tasumi, 2012. "Aerodynamic Parameterization of the Satellite-Based Energy Balance (METRIC) Model for ET Estimation in Rainfed Olive Orchards of Andalusia, Spain," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(11), pages 3267-3283, September.
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