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Modeling corn growth and root zone salinity dynamics to improve irrigation and fertigation management under semi-arid conditions

Author

Listed:
  • Chauhdary, Junaid Nawaz
  • Bakhsh, Allah
  • Ragab, Ragab
  • Khaliq, Abdul
  • Engel, Bernard A.
  • Rizwan, Muhammad
  • Shahid, Muhammad Adnan
  • Nawaz, Qamar

Abstract

Modeling is an advanced technique to study the effects of crop management practices as management scenario simulations in a convenient and economical way. A multi seasonal study was conducted on corn, sown under drip irrigation, to assess its growth under three irrigation intervals (I1: irrigation on daily basis, I2: irrigation on 3rd day and I3: irrigation on 5th day) and three fertigation levels [F1:100 % RFA (recommended fertigation applications), F2:75 % RFA and F3:50 % RFA)] of two types of fertilizers (M1: Imported and M2: Indigenous). The SALTMED model was calibrated and validated, using data collected from experiments, to explore different management scenarios of corn production. The accuracy of the validation process was examined by root mean square error (RMSE), percentage of difference (%D), coefficient of residual mass (CRM) and coefficient of determination (R2). The results showed that corn produced statistically highest plant height (183.7 cm), dry matter (16.9 t/ha), grain yield (8.57 t/ha) and water productivity (1.52 kg/m3) under I1 in comparison to that under other irrigation intervals. Similarly, M1 and F1 produced statistically highest plant height, dry matter, grain yield and water productivity as compared to M2 and other fertigation levels, respectively. SALTMED simulated soil moisture and soil salinity accurately with average values of RMSE, R2 and CRM as 0.013, 0.850 and -0.002, respectively for soil moisture and 0.479, 0.864 and 0.130, respectively for soil salinity. The SALTMED simulations showed good results also for grain yield (RMSE = 0.475, R2 = 0.873, CRM = -0.0013 and highest %D = -4.9 %) and dry matter (RMSE = 0.596, R2 = 0.909, CRM = -0.027 and highest %D = 4.2 %). Overall, it was concluded that corn should be irrigated on daily basis under drip irrigation and fertilized with 100 % RFA. Moreover, the SALTMED model proved to be a useful tool for simulations of different management scenarios regarding corn growth and root zone salinity dynamics with reliable results under semi-arid conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Chauhdary, Junaid Nawaz & Bakhsh, Allah & Ragab, Ragab & Khaliq, Abdul & Engel, Bernard A. & Rizwan, Muhammad & Shahid, Muhammad Adnan & Nawaz, Qamar, 2020. "Modeling corn growth and root zone salinity dynamics to improve irrigation and fertigation management under semi-arid conditions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:230:y:2020:i:c:s0378377419314283
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2019.105952
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    1. El-Hendawy, Salah E. & Schmidhalter, Urs, 2010. "Optimal coupling combinations between irrigation frequency and rate for drip-irrigated maize grown on sandy soil," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 97(3), pages 439-448, March.
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    4. Chauhdary, Junaid Nawaz & Bakhsh, Allah & Engel, Bernard A. & Ragab, Ragab, 2019. "Improving corn production by adopting efficient fertigation practices: Experimental and modeling approach," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 221(C), pages 449-461.
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    3. Pereira, L.S. & Paredes, P. & Hunsaker, D.J. & López-Urrea, R. & Mohammadi Shad, Z., 2021. "Standard single and basal crop coefficients for field crops. Updates and advances to the FAO56 crop water requirements method," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
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    5. Che, Zheng & Wang, Jun & Li, Jiusheng, 2022. "Modeling strategies to balance salt leaching and nitrogen loss for drip irrigation with saline water in arid regions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).

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