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Digital twins in smart farming

Author

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  • Verdouw, Cor
  • Tekinerdogan, Bedir
  • Beulens, Adrie
  • Wolfert, Sjaak

Abstract

Digital Twins are very promising to bring smart farming to new levels of farming productivity and sustainability. A Digital Twin is a digital equivalent of a real-life object of which it mirrors its behaviour and states over its lifetime in a virtual space. Using Digital Twins as a central means for farm management enables the decoupling of physical flows from its planning and control. As a consequence, farmers can manage operations remotely based on (near) real-time digital information instead of having to rely on direct observation and manual tasks on-site. This allows them to act immediately in case of (expected) deviations and to simulate effects of interventions based on real-life data. This paper analyses how Digital Twins can advance smart farming. It defines the concept, develops a typology of different types of Digital Twins, and proposes a conceptual framework for designing and implementing Digital Twins. The framework comprises a control model based on a general systems approach and an implementation model for Digital Twin systems based on the Internet of Things—Architecture (IoT-A), a reference architecture for IoT systems. The framework is applied to and validated in five smart farming use cases of the European IoF2020 project, focussing on arable farming, dairy farming, greenhouse horticulture, organic vegetable farming and livestock farming.

Suggested Citation

  • Verdouw, Cor & Tekinerdogan, Bedir & Beulens, Adrie & Wolfert, Sjaak, 2021. "Digital twins in smart farming," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agisys:v:189:y:2021:i:c:s0308521x20309070
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2020.103046
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Zhang, Chen & Di, Liping & Lin, Li & Li, Hui & Guo, Liying & Yang, Zhengwei & Yu, Eugene G. & Di, Yahui & Yang, Anna, 2022. "Towards automation of in-season crop type mapping using spatiotemporal crop information and remote sensing data," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 201(C).
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    5. Büyüközkan, Gülçin & Uztürk, Deniz, 2022. "A Methodology to Investigate Challenges for Digital Twin Technology in Smart Agriculture," Land, Farm & Agribusiness Management Department 337119, Harper Adams University, Land, Farm & Agribusiness Management Department.
    6. Büyüközkan, Gülçin & Uztürk, Deniz, 2022. "A Methodology to Investigate Challenges for Digital Twin Technology in Smart Agriculture," Agri-Tech Economics Papers 337119, Harper Adams University, Land, Farm & Agribusiness Management Department.
    7. Kaikang Chen & Bo Zhao & Haiyan Zhou & Liming Zhou & Kang Niu & Xin Jin & Ruoshi Li & Yanwei Yuan & Yongjun Zheng, 2023. "Digital Twins in Plant Factory: A Five-Dimensional Modeling Method for Plant Factory Transplanter Digital Twins," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-18, June.
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    9. da Silveira, Franco & da Silva, Sabrina Letícia Couto & Machado, Filipe Molinar & Barbedo, Jayme Garcia Arnal & Amaral, Fernando Gonçalves, 2023. "Farmers' perception of the barriers that hinder the implementation of agriculture 4.0," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 208(C).
    10. Ronit Purian, 2023. "Goal oriented indicators for food systems based on FAIR data," Papers 2302.09916, arXiv.org.
    11. Hazrathosseini, Arman & Moradi Afrapoli, Ali, 2023. "The advent of digital twins in surface mining: Its time has finally arrived," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    12. Ahmad Ali Hakam Dani & Suhono Harso Supangkat & Fetty Fitriyanti Lubis & I Gusti Bagus Baskara Nugraha & Rezky Kinanda & Irma Rizkia, 2023. "Development of a Smart City Platform Based on Digital Twin Technology for Monitoring and Supporting Decision-Making," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-18, September.
    13. Görkem Giray & Cagatay Catal, 2021. "Design of a Data Management Reference Architecture for Sustainable Agriculture," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-17, June.
    14. Shuyao Li & Wenfu Wu & Yujia Wang & Na Zhang & Fanhui Sun & Feng Jiang & Xiaoshuai Wei, 2023. "Production Data Management of Smart Farming Based on Shili Theory," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-26, March.
    15. Uztürk, Deniz & Büyüközkan, Gülçin, 2022. "Smart Agriculture Technology Evaluation: A Linguistic-based MCDM Methodology," Agri-Tech Economics Papers 337128, Harper Adams University, Land, Farm & Agribusiness Management Department.
    16. Uztürk, Deniz & Büyüközkan, Gülçin, 2022. "Smart Agriculture Technology Evaluation: A Linguistic-based MCDM Methodology," Land, Farm & Agribusiness Management Department 337128, Harper Adams University, Land, Farm & Agribusiness Management Department.
    17. Xuehao Bi & Bo Wen & Wei Zou, 2022. "The Role of Internet Development in China’s Grain Production: Specific Path and Dialectical Perspective," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-14, March.
    18. Mezzour Ghita & Benhadou Siham & Medromi Hicham & Mounaam Amine, 2022. "HT-TPP: A Hybrid Twin Architecture for Thermal Power Plant Collaborative Condition Monitoring," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-38, July.
    19. Yogeswaranathan Kalyani & Liam Vorster & Rebecca Whetton & Rem Collier, 2024. "Application Scenarios of Digital Twins for Smart Crop Farming through Cloud–Fog–Edge Infrastructure," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-16, March.
    20. Gackstetter, David & von Bloh, Malte & Hannus, Veronika & Meyer, Sebastian T. & Weisser, Wolfgang & Luksch, Claudia & Asseng, Senthold, 2023. "Autonomous field management – An enabler of sustainable future in agriculture," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 206(C).
    21. Rijswijk, Kelly & de Vries, Jasper R. & Klerkx, Laurens & Turner, James A., 2023. "The enabling and constraining connections between trust and digitalisation in incumbent value chains," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 186(PA).
    22. Metta, Matteo & Ciliberti, Stefano & Obi, Chinedu & Bartolini, Fabio & Klerkx, Laurens & Brunori, Gianluca, 2022. "An integrated socio-cyber-physical system framework to assess responsible digitalisation in agriculture: A first application with Living Labs in Europe," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 203(C).
    23. Maurizio Cutini & Carlo Bisaglia & Massimo Brambilla & Andrea Bragaglio & Federico Pallottino & Alberto Assirelli & Elio Romano & Alessandro Montaghi & Elisabetta Leo & Marco Pezzola & Claudio Maroni , 2023. "A Co-Simulation Virtual Reality Machinery Simulator for Advanced Precision Agriculture Applications," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-21, August.
    24. Chiara Bersani & Carmelina Ruggiero & Roberto Sacile & Abdellatif Soussi & Enrico Zero, 2022. "Internet of Things Approaches for Monitoring and Control of Smart Greenhouses in Industry 4.0," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-30, May.
    25. Asif, Muhammad & Searcy, Cory & Castka, Pavel, 2023. "ESG and Industry 5.0: The role of technologies in enhancing ESG disclosure," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).

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