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Wages, Productivity And Human Capital In The European Union: Econometric Models And Comparison With The Usa 1985-2005

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  • GUISAN, M.C.
  • AGUAYO, EVA

Abstract

The European Union lags behind the United States both in rates of employment and real wages. This study analyzes the relationship between wages, productivity and human capital in 5 European Union countries: France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom, in comparison with the USA. Firstly we analyze the role of productivity in the explanation of real wages, secondly we present a comparative study of the evolution of wages and productivity during the period 1985-2005, and thirdly we estimate an econometric model which relates real wages with productivity and productivity with human capital. As measures of human capital we have included the average total years of schooling, based on Barro and Lee estimations and lagged Research expenditure per inhabitant. The main conclusion is that the European Union should develop economic policies in order to increase the support to human capital, fostering education and RD expenditure in order to achieve higher levels of real wages and higher rates of employment and to converge towards to the levels of the United States.

Suggested Citation

  • Guisan, M.C. & Aguayo, Eva, 2007. "Wages, Productivity And Human Capital In The European Union: Econometric Models And Comparison With The Usa 1985-2005," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 7(1).
    • Handle: RePEc:eaa:aeinde:v:7:y:2007:i:1_4
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Enrique Gilles & Javier Deaza & Alejandro Vivas, 2016. "Productivity measurements for three countries of the Pacific Alliance and South Korea, 2008-2012," Documentos de Trabajo EAN 15236, Universidad EAN.
    2. Guisan, M.C. & Exposito, P., 2013. "Employment, Production and Income by Sector in Spain: Econometric Models and Comparison with Germany and the United States, 1965-2010," Regional and Sectoral Economic Studies, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 13(1), pages 78-90.
    3. Javier DEAZA & Enrique GILLES & Alejandro VIVAS, 2016. "Productivity Measurements For South Korea And Three Countries Of The Pacific Alliance: Colombia, Chile And Mexico, 2008-2012," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 16(2), pages 75-85.
    4. GUISAN, Maria-Carmen, 2011. "Industry, Fair Competition And Trade In Oecd Countries: Impact On Wages And On Employment By Sector, 2000-2010," Regional and Sectoral Economic Studies, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 11(2).
    5. GUISAN, Maria-Carmen & CANCELO, Maria-Teresa, 2014. "Industry, Productivity And Development In 96 European Regions, 2005-2010," Regional and Sectoral Economic Studies, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 14(1).
    6. Raquel Ortega-Argilés, 2012. "The Transatlantic Productivity Gap: A Survey Of The Main Causes," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(3), pages 395-419, July.
    7. GUISAN, Maria-Carmen, 2011. "Industry, Foreign Trade and Employment in EU Countries; Comparison of France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK with the United States," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 11(2).
    8. Marga Peeters & Ard den Reijer, 2014. "Coordination versus flexibility in wage formation: a focus on the nominal wage impact of productivity in Germany, Greece, Ireland, Portugal, Spain and the United States," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(7), pages 698-714, March.
    9. Upender, M., 2009. "Elasticity Of Substitution Between Labour And Capital Across Twenty Six Major Industries In India During 2004-05," International Journal of Applied Econometrics and Quantitative Studies, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 9(1), pages 101-110.
    10. DREGER, Christian & REIMERS, Hans-Eggert, 2011. "On The Role Of Sectoral And National Wage Components In The Wage Bargaining Process," Regional and Sectoral Economic Studies, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 11(1).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Real wage models; Wages; productivity and human capital; European Development; Comparison of EU countries and the USA;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C51 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Construction and Estimation
    • E61 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Policy Objectives; Policy Designs and Consistency; Policy Coordination
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • O51 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - U.S.; Canada
    • O52 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Europe

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