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Sektorale Lohnentwicklung: der Schlüssel zu stärkeren Lohnsteigerungen liegt in der Industrie

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  • Karl Brenke

Abstract

In the past decade, wages in Germany have risen more slowly than economic performance. Year on year, average wages remained approximately 0.3 percent behind what was available in redistribution volume, given the development of production. Although there are also sectors with low wages, in which wage increases were insufficient according to this benchmark—such as the hospitality industry, construction, or agriculture—it was the economic sectors with relatively high wages that were mainly responsible for the inadequate wage increases. These include, in particular, important industrial sectors producing capital goods, such as automotive or mechanical engineering, and the chemical industry. In order for overall economic performance to develop in line with wages, the labor unions in these sectors need to implement a more aggressive wage policy. However, it is not particularly helpful if—as has been the case up to now—the debate over wage developments is almost exclusively focused on low-wage sectors and the introduction of a minimum wage. In den vergangenen zehn Jahren stiegen die Löhne in Deutschland langsamer als die Wirtschaftsleistung. Im Schnitt blieben die Löhne Jahr für Jahr um rund 0,3 Prozent hinter dem zurück, was angesichts der Produktionsentwicklung an Verteilungsmasse zur Verfügung stand. Zwar gibt es auch Branchen mit einem ohnehin geringen Lohnniveau, in denen nach diesem Maßstab die Lohnanhebungen unzureichend waren – etwa das Gastgewerbe, die Bauwirtschaft oder der Agrarsektor. Hauptsächlich verantwortlich für den unzureichenden Lohnanstieg waren allerdings vor allem Wirtschaftszweige mit relativ hohen Arbeitsentgelten. Dazu zählen insbesondere bedeutende Industriezweige des Investitionsgüter produzierenden Gewerbes wie der Fahrzeugbau oder der Maschinenbau sowie die Chemieindustrie. Damit sich gesamtwirtschaftlich Wirtschaftsleistung und Löhne im Gleichschritt entwickeln, ist eine offensivere Lohnpolitik der Gewerkschaften gerade in solchen Industriezweigen erforderlich. Nicht viel weiter hilft es indes, wenn – wie bisher – in der Debatte über die Lohnentwicklung das Augenmerk fast ausschließlich auf den Niedriglohnsektor und die Einführung von Mindestlöhnen gelegt wird.

Suggested Citation

  • Karl Brenke, 2014. "Sektorale Lohnentwicklung: der Schlüssel zu stärkeren Lohnsteigerungen liegt in der Industrie," DIW Wochenbericht, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 81(33), pages 772-779.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwwob:81-33-3
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    File URL: https://www.diw.de/documents/publikationen/73/diw_01.c.478721.de/14-33-3.pdf
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Gustav A. Horn & Alexander Herzog-Stein & Peter Hohlfeld & Fabian Lindner & Ansgar Rannenberg & Katja Rietzler & Sabine Stephan & Thomas Theobald & Silke Tober, 2014. "Der gefährdete Aufschwung - Prognose der Wirtschafzlichen Entwicklung 2014/2015," IMK Report 98-2014, IMK at the Hans Boeckler Foundation, Macroeconomic Policy Institute.
    2. Alexander Herzog-Stein & Ulrike Stein & Rudolf Zwiener, 2014. "Deutschlands Lohn- und Arbeitskostenentwicklung wieder zu schwach," IMK Report 100-2014, IMK at the Hans Boeckler Foundation, Macroeconomic Policy Institute.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    wages and gross value added; scope for distribution; Germany;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J30 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - General
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity

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