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Die Deutschlandrente: Wirksamkeit und Legitimität eines Nudges

Author

Listed:
  • Andreas Knabe
  • Joachim Weimann

Abstract

Demographic change is projected to impose a substantial burden on the public pay-as-you-go pension insurance in Germany in the next decades. Past pension reforms have thus aimed at encouraging additional private old-age provision in fully-funded pension insurances. A substantial share of the population, however, still has no or only insufficient private retirement savings. Two reasons are responsible. First, private pension provisions follow the „Opt-In“ principle. Only who actively decides to save will do so. Second, many private pension providers charge high and nontransparent fees. This keeps many consumers from saving more for their old age. We have developed a proposal that solves both problems. In our model “Deutschlandrente”, private old-age provision will be organized according to an opt-out- instead of „Opt-In“-principle. International experiences show that such a “nudge” would cause sizable increases in pension savings. To strengthen competition, a publicly organized pension fund will be introduced. This fund will offer a simple and inexpensive pension product and compete fairly with existing private providers. The combination of both measures can strengthen private old-age provision effectively and inexpensively. Der demografische Wandel wird die umlagefinanzierte gesetzliche Rentenversicherung in den kommenden Jahrzehnten stark belasten. Bisherige Rentenreformen zielten daher darauf ab, durch steuerliche Förderung die zusätzliche kapitalgedeckte Altersvorsorge zu stärken. Diese Möglichkeit wird aber bisher nur unzureichend in Anspruch genommen. Wir machen dafür vor allem zwei Ursachen verantwortlich. Zum einen ist gegenwärtig die private Altersvorsorge nach dem „Opt-In“-Prinzip organisiert. Nur derjenige sorgt zusätzlich vor, der sich aktiv dafür entscheidet. Zum anderen weisen viele private Rentenversicherungen hohe und vor allem intransparente Kosten auf. In der Folge halten sich viele Verbraucher bei der privaten Altersvorsorge zurück. Wir haben einen Vorschlag entwickelt, wie diese beiden Probleme gelöst werden können. Unser Modell der „Deutschlandrente“ sieht vor, bei der geförderten privaten Altersvorsorge vom „Opt-In“ zum „Opt-Out“ zu wechseln. Internationale Erfahrungen zeigen, dass ein solcher „Nudge“ zu einem deutlichen Anstieg der Ersparnisbildung führen kann. Um den Wettbewerb zu stärken, soll ein staatlich organisierter Rentenfonds eingeführt werden, der ein einfaches und kostengünstiges Vorsorgeprodukt anbietet und in fairem Wettbewerb zu privaten Anbietern steht. Die Kombination beider Maßnahmen kann die private Altersvorsorge effektiv und kostengünstig stärken.

Suggested Citation

  • Andreas Knabe & Joachim Weimann, 2018. "Die Deutschlandrente: Wirksamkeit und Legitimität eines Nudges," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 87(2), pages 33-46.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:87-2-3
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Nudging; retirement; private pension provision; pension fund;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J26 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Retirement; Retirement Policies
    • J32 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Nonwage Labor Costs and Benefits; Retirement Plans; Private Pensions
    • G23 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors
    • H55 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Social Security and Public Pensions
    • D90 - Microeconomics - - Micro-Based Behavioral Economics - - - General

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