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Ansparen von Selbstbeteiligung in der Krankenversicherung?

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  • Ronny Klein

Abstract

This paper examines the question of whether private savings as a supplement to health insurance is advantageous to those insured. In this scenario, policy-holders can pay into a medical savings account on an annual basis and use this money to finance their medical expenses. The health insurance reimburses the costs that cannot be covered by the account. The model-based theoretical analysis of the optimal demand for insurance leads to the conclusion that a medical savings account is preferred by those insured if they expect rising costs in old age. A simulation of different types of copayments shows that medical savings accounts have the largest potential to reduce overall medical expenditures. Additional advantages are: (a) low incentives to skip doctor visits at the expense of one's own health, (b) co-payments that do not burden those insured at the time of illness, (c) similar levels of co-payments among different groups of insured people and (d) a shift to more personal responsibility. An implementation of medical savings accounts in Germany is discussed. In diesem Beitrag wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob zweckgebundenes Sparen als Ergänzung zur Krankenversicherung vorteilhaft für die Versicherten ist. Auf einem privaten Krankensparkonto könnten jährlich Beträge eingezahlt werden, die zur Finanzierung der medizinischen Ausgaben eines Versicherten dienen. Die Krankenversicherung übernimmt die Kosten, die nicht durch Mittel aus dem Krankensparkonto abgedeckt werden können. Die modell-theoretische Analyse der optimalen Versicherungsnachfrage ergibt, dass bei steigenden Kosten im Alter ein Krankensparkonto vom Versicherten bevorzugt wird. Eine Simulation verschiedener Zuzahlungsformen zeigt, dass eine Sparoption in der Krankenversicherung das größte Potential hat, global die Kosten zu senken. Weitere Vorteile sind: (a) geringere Anreize, Arztbesuche auf Kosten der Gesundheit zu verzögern, (b) Zuzahlungen, die den Versicherten nicht zum Zeitpunkt der Krankheit belasten, (c) tendenziell gleich große Belastung unterschiedlicher Versichertenprofile und (d) die Stärkung der Eigenverantwortung der Versicherten. Eine Umsetzung von Krankensparkonten in Deutschland wird diskutiert.

Suggested Citation

  • Ronny Klein, 2004. "Ansparen von Selbstbeteiligung in der Krankenversicherung?," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 73(4), pages 510-521.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:73-40-2
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.73.4.510
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    References listed on IDEAS

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