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From Social Theory to Policy Design

Author

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  • Linder, Stephen H.
  • Peters, B. Guy

Abstract

Little attention has been given in policy analysis to the creative process of designing solutions to public policy problems. There are a number of difficulties in applying macro-level theories – whether from economics, sociology, philosophy or macro-systems theory – in the policy process. Any macro-level theory will tend to provide inadequate guidance in one or more of three aspects of policy-making: a model of causation, a model for evaluating alternatives and outcomes, and a model of how interventions operate. Our current knowledge about which policy strategies work best under which conditions is at best rudimentary. Academic disciplinary perspectives focus on a narrow repertoire of policy instruments. What is required is a design focus which draws on instruments associated with a range of disciplines and professions. A design perspective involves both a systematic process for generating basic strategies and a framework for comparing them. Such an approach will require at least the following elements: (1) the characteristics of problems (scale, collectiveness, certainty, predictability, independence); (2) characteristics of goals (value-laden, operational, process of goal-setting); (3) characteristics of instruments (suitability of different instruments).

Suggested Citation

  • Linder, Stephen H. & Peters, B. Guy, 1984. "From Social Theory to Policy Design," Journal of Public Policy, Cambridge University Press, vol. 4(3), pages 237-259, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:cup:jnlpup:v:4:y:1984:i:03:p:237-259_00
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Nathalie Mendez, 2021. "Do social constructions and gender mainstreaming in policy design affect the evaluation of the policy process? An analysis of a policy intervention in a postconflict society," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 102(4), pages 1699-1718, July.
    2. Mark Considine & Damon Alexander & Jenny Lewis, 2014. "Policy design as craft: teasing out policy design expertise using a semi-experimental approach," Policy Sciences, Springer;Society of Policy Sciences, vol. 47(3), pages 209-225, September.
    3. Thierry Balzacq, 2008. "The Policy Tools of Securitization: Information Exchange, EU Foreign and Interior Policies," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 46, pages 75-100, January.
    4. Ferretti, Valentina & Pluchinotta, Irene & Tsoukiàs, Alexis, 2019. "Studying the generation of alternatives in public policy making processes," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 273(1), pages 353-363.
    5. Irene Pluchinotta & Akin O. Kazakçi & Raffaele Giordano & Alexis Tsoukiàs, 2019. "Design Theory for Generating Alternatives in Public Decision Making Processes," Group Decision and Negotiation, Springer, vol. 28(2), pages 341-375, April.
    6. Christopher Weible & David Carter, 2015. "The composition of policy change: comparing Colorado’s 1977 and 2006 smoking bans," Policy Sciences, Springer;Society of Policy Sciences, vol. 48(2), pages 207-231, June.
    7. Russell Marshall & Steve Summerskill & Keith Case & Amjad Hussain & Diane Gyi & Ruth Sims & Andrew Morris & Jo Barnes, 2016. "Supporting a Design Driven Approach to Social Inclusion and Accessibility in Transport," Social Inclusion, Cogitatio Press, vol. 4(3), pages 7-23.
    8. Michael Howlett & Ishani Mukherjee, 2014. "Policy Design and Non-Design: Towards a Spectrum of Policy Formulation Types," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 2(2), pages 57-71.
    9. Michael Howlett, 2014. "From the ‘old’ to the ‘new’ policy design: design thinking beyond markets and collaborative governance," Policy Sciences, Springer;Society of Policy Sciences, vol. 47(3), pages 187-207, September.
    10. Raphael Wasserbaur & Tomohiko Sakao, 2020. "Conceptualising Design Fixation and Design Limitation and Quantifying Their Impacts on Resource Use and Carbon Emissions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-21, October.
    11. Ali Marjovi & Behrouz Zarei, 2023. "Design-oriented policy interventions: The case of technology-based international entrepreneurship in emerging context," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 21(1), pages 111-142, March.
    12. Michael Howlett, 2009. "Governance modes, policy regimes and operational plans: A multi-level nested model of policy instrument choice and policy design," Policy Sciences, Springer;Society of Policy Sciences, vol. 42(1), pages 73-89, February.
    13. Iychettira, Kaveri K. & Hakvoort, Rudi A. & Linares, Pedro, 2017. "Towards a comprehensive policy for electricity from renewable energy: An approach for policy design," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 169-182.
    14. Ishani Mukherjee & M. Kerem Coban & Azad Singh Bali, 2021. "Policy capacities and effective policy design: a review," Policy Sciences, Springer;Society of Policy Sciences, vol. 54(2), pages 243-268, June.
    15. Nicole Lemke & Philipp Trein & Frédéric Varone, 2023. "Agenda-setting in nascent policy subsystems: issue and instrument priorities across venues," Policy Sciences, Springer;Society of Policy Sciences, vol. 56(4), pages 633-655, December.
    16. V. Rodriguez & A. Soeparwata, 2015. "The Governance of Science, Technology and Innovation in ASEAN and Its Member States," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 6(2), pages 228-249, June.
    17. Sylvie Occelli & Simone Landini, 2021. "Thinking Together and Governance in Transport Planning: Can We Strengthen the Connections?," International Journal of E-Planning Research (IJEPR), IGI Global, vol. 10(4), pages 39-62, October.

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