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Inclusion without Influence? NGOs in European Trade Policy

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  • DÃœR, ANDREAS
  • DE BIÈVRE, DIRK

Abstract

The actions of nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) concerned with such issues as development, human rights, and the protection of the environment voicing concerns to public authorities raises the questions: Do these newly mobilised societal actors influence EU trade policy outcomes? We answer in the negative, arguing that such groups, which have diffuse costs and benefits from trade policies, do not dispose of resources with which they can threaten or enhance political actors' chances of re-election or re-appointment. A survey of NGOs and business groups as well as two in-depth case studies on the negotiations concerning the EU's Economic Partnership Agreements and the EU's policy on access to medicines in developing countries support our reasoning. The analysis shows that although NGOs have gained access to policy-makers, they have largely failed to shift policy outcomes in their favour.

Suggested Citation

  • Dãœr, Andreas & De Biãˆvre, Dirk, 2007. "Inclusion without Influence? NGOs in European Trade Policy," Journal of Public Policy, Cambridge University Press, vol. 27(1), pages 79-101, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:jnlpup:v:27:y:2007:i:01:p:79-101_00
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    Cited by:

    1. Sandra Polaski, 2022. "The strategy and politics of linking trade and labor standards: an overview of issues and approaches," Chapters, in: Handbook on Globalisation and Labour Standards, chapter 11, pages 203-225, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    2. Andreas Dür, 2008. "Measuring Interest Group Influence in the EU," European Union Politics, , vol. 9(4), pages 559-576, December.
    3. Marina Chuchko, 2022. "Business representation in an autocratic regime: Tariff policy and exchange committees in late Tsarist Russia," Economic History Review, Economic History Society, vol. 75(3), pages 801-829, August.
    4. Iain Osgood & Yilang Feng, 2018. "Intellectual property provisions and support for US trade agreements," The Review of International Organizations, Springer, vol. 13(3), pages 421-455, September.
    5. Adam W Chalmers, 2013. "With a lot of help from their friends: Explaining the social logic of informational lobbying in the European Union," European Union Politics, , vol. 14(4), pages 475-496, December.
    6. Edoardo Mollona & Guglielmo Faldetta, 2022. "Ethics in corporate political action: can lobbying be just?," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 26(4), pages 1245-1276, December.
    7. Caroline Orset & Marco Monnier, 2020. "How do lobbies and NGOs try to influence dietary behaviour?," Review of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Studies, INRA Department of Economics, vol. 101(1), pages 47-66.
    8. Fernando M. M. Ruiz & Florent Hainaut & Nathalie Schiffino, 2016. "The lobbies’ network at the EU policy level: the case of security and defense," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(6), pages 774-793, November.
    9. Lauge Peter Westergaard Clausen & Oliver Foss Hessner Hansen & Nikoline Bang Oturai & Kristian Syberg & Steffen Foss Hansen, 2020. "Stakeholder analysis with regard to a recent European restriction proposal on microplastics," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(6), pages 1-30, June.
    10. Piotrowska, Emilia, 2020. "Udział organizacji pacjentów w kształtowaniu polityki ochrony zdrowia w Polsce - "koszmar partycypacji" czy remedium na "deficyt demokracji"?," Studia z Polityki Publicznej / Public Policy Studies, Warsaw School of Economics, vol. 7(3), pages 1-17, October.
    11. Carl Vikberg, 2020. "Explaining interest group access to the European Commission’s expert groups," European Union Politics, , vol. 21(2), pages 312-332, June.
    12. Dirk De Bièvre & Arlo Poletti & Lars Thomann, 2014. "To enforce or not to enforce? Judicialization, venue shopping, and global regulatory harmonization," Regulation & Governance, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 8(3), pages 269-286, September.
    13. David Marshall, 2010. "Who to lobby and when: Institutional determinants of interest group strategies in European Parliament committees," European Union Politics, , vol. 11(4), pages 553-575, December.
    14. Robert Basedow, 2021. "The EU's International Investment Policy ten years on: the Policy‐Making Implications of Unintended Competence Transfers," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 59(3), pages 643-660, May.
    15. Heike Klüver, 2011. "The contextual nature of lobbying: Explaining lobbying success in the European Union," European Union Politics, , vol. 12(4), pages 483-506, December.
    16. Camille Parguel & Jean-Christophe Graz, 2021. "Food Can’t Be Traded: Civil Society’s Discursive Power in the Context of Agricultural Liberalisation in India," Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER) Working Paper 405, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER), New Delhi, India.
    17. Alexandra‐Maria Bocse, 2021. "Relational Power, Brokers and Influence: A Study on the Controversial Issue of Fracking in the European Union," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 59(5), pages 1267-1283, September.
    18. Adam William Chalmers, 2014. "In over their heads: Public consultation, administrative capacity and legislative duration in the European Union," European Union Politics, , vol. 15(4), pages 595-613, December.
    19. Justin Greenwood & Christilla Roederer-Rynning, 2019. "In the Shadow of Public Opinion: The European Parliament, Civil Society Organizations, and the Politicization of Trilogues," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 7(3), pages 316-326.
    20. Andreas Dür & Christoph Moser & Gabriele Spilker, 2020. "The political economy of the European Union," The Review of International Organizations, Springer, vol. 15(3), pages 561-572, July.
    21. Niels Gheyle & Ferdi De Ville, 2017. "How Much Is Enough? Explaining the Continuous Transparency Conflict in TTIP," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 5(3), pages 16-28.
    22. von Malmborg, Fredrik, 2022. "Theorising member state lobbying on European Union policy on energy efficiency," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    23. Frederik Stevens & Iskander De Bruycker, 2020. "Influence, affluence and media salience: Economic resources and lobbying influence in the European Union," European Union Politics, , vol. 21(4), pages 728-750, December.
    24. Basedow, Robert, 2020. "The EU's international investment policy ten years on: the policy-making implications of unintended competence transfers," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 105161, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    25. Andreas Dür & Gemma Mateo, 2014. "The Europeanization of interest groups: Group type, resources and policy area," European Union Politics, , vol. 15(4), pages 572-594, December.

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