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The Impact of Gender and Immigration on Pension Outcomes in Canada

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Author Info
Patrik Marier
Suzanne Skinner
Abstract

This paper analyzes Canadian retirement incomes by focusing on the dynamics of gender and immigration. We demonstrate that elderly women living alone and post-1970 immigrants are more likely to rely on the means-tested component of Canada's pension system, the Guaranteed Income Supplement (GIS), which is an indication of their restricted capacity to maintain an autonomous household. The strong reliance of the Canadian pension system on both public and private earnings-related pensions accentuates the disparities within the labour market, causing both women and immigrants to have lower earnings in retirement. In addition, immigrants suffer from the residency requirements attached to basic pension programs.

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File URL: http://economics.ca/cgi/jab?journal=cpp&view=v34s1/CPPv34s1p059.pdf
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Publisher Info
Article provided by University of Toronto Press in its journal Canadian Public Policy.

Volume (Year): 34 (2008)
Issue (Month): s1 (November)
Pages: 59-78
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Handle: RePEc:cpp:issued:v:34:y:2008:i:s1:p:59-78

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  1. Picot, Garnett & Sweetman, Arthur, 2005. "The Deteriorating Economic Welfare of Immigrants and Possible Causes: Update 2005," Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series 2005262e, Statistics Canada, Analytical Studies Branch. [Downloadable!]
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This page was last updated on 2009-12-9.

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