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School Choice, Stratification, and Information on School Performance: Lessons from Chile

Author

Listed:
  • Patrick J. McEwan
  • Miguel Urquiola
  • Emiliana Vegas

Abstract

In the early 1980s, Chile implemented a nationwide school choice system, under which the government finances education via a flat per-student sub- sidy (or voucher) to the public or private school chosen by a family. At present, about 94 percent of all schools (public, religious, and secular private) are voucher funded. More than half of urban schools are private, and most of these operate as for-profit institutions.1 Since the early 1990s, Chile has also publicized information on school performance and increased per pupil expen- diture substantially. Despite these and other reforms, Chile has found it challenging to improve students’ learning outcomes.2 Hsieh and Urquiola find that the country’s rel- ative performance in international tests did not change much between 1970 and 1999.3 Its performance on the 2000 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is not only much lower than the OECD average but is similar to that of other Latin American countries and low relative to countries with similar income per capita.

Suggested Citation

  • Patrick J. McEwan & Miguel Urquiola & Emiliana Vegas, 2008. "School Choice, Stratification, and Information on School Performance: Lessons from Chile," Economía Journal, The Latin American and Caribbean Economic Association - LACEA, vol. 0(Spring 20), pages 1-42, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000425:014205
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    Cited by:

    1. León, Gianmarco & Valdivia, Martín, 2015. "Inequality in school resources and academic achievement: Evidence from Peru," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 71-84.
    2. Cuesta, José Ignacio & González, Felipe & Larroulet Philippi, Cristian, 2020. "Distorted quality signals in school markets," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    3. W. Bentley MacLeod & Miguel Urquiola, 2009. "Anti-Lemons: School Reputation and Educational Quality," NBER Working Papers 15112, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Nancy Birdsall, Nora Lustig, Christian Meyer, 2013. "The Strugglers: The New Poor in Latin America?-Working Paper 337," Working Papers 337, Center for Global Development.
    5. Michela M. Tincani, 2021. "Teacher labor markets, school vouchers, and student cognitive achievement: Evidence from Chile," Quantitative Economics, Econometric Society, vol. 12(1), pages 173-216, January.
    6. Alejandro Arenas Alzate, 2021. "Mejores colegios en Colombia: efecto de las condiciones socioeconómicas sobre el desempeno escolar," Documentos de Trabajo de Valor Público 19829, Universidad EAFIT.
    7. Miguel Urquiola, 2015. "Progress and challenges in achieving an evidence-based education policy in Latin America and the Caribbean," Latin American Economic Review, Springer;Centro de Investigaciòn y Docencia Económica (CIDE), vol. 24(1), pages 1-30, December.
    8. Herskovic, Luis, 2020. "The Effect of Subway Access on School Choice," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    9. Gabriela Toledo Román & Juan Pablo Valenzuela, 2015. "Over-estimating the effects of teacher attributes on school performance in the Chilean education system," Estudios de Economia, University of Chile, Department of Economics, vol. 42(1 Year 20), pages 99-128, June.
    10. MacLeod, W. Bentley & Urquiola, Miguel, 2012. "Competition and Educational Productivity: Incentives Writ Large," IZA Discussion Papers 7063, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    11. McEwan, Patrick J., 2013. "The impact of Chile's school feeding program on education outcomes," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 122-139.
    12. Andrade, Eduardo de Carvalho, 2009. "Rankings em educação: tipos, problemas, informações e mudanças," Insper Working Papers wpe_198, Insper Working Paper, Insper Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa.
    13. Menezes-Filho, Naercio & Moita, Rodrigo & Andrade, Eduardo, 2012. "Entry in School Markets: Theory and Evidence from Brazilian Municipalities," Insper Working Papers wpe_284, Insper Working Paper, Insper Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa.
    14. Gabriel Heller Sahlgren, 2014. "Handing Over the School Keys: The Impact of Privatisation on Education Quality," Economic Affairs, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(2), pages 196-210, June.
    15. W. Bentley MacLeod & Miguel Urquiola, 2018. "Is Education Consumption or Investment? Implications for the Effect of School Competition," NBER Working Papers 25117, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    16. Birdsall, Nancy & Lustig, Nora & Meyer, Christian J., 2014. "The Strugglers: The New Poor in Latin America?," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 132-146.
    17. Ortega, Daniel E., 2009. "Human Development of Peoples," MPRA Paper 19232, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    18. MacLeod, W. Bentley & Urquiola, Miguel, 2012. "Anti-Lemons: School Reputation, Relative Diversity, and Educational Quality," IZA Discussion Papers 6805, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    19. Francesca Marchetta & Tom Dilly, 2019. "Supporting Education in Africa: Opportunities and Challenges for an Impact Investor," Working Papers hal-02288103, HAL.
    20. Francisco Meneses, 2021. "Intergenerational Mobility After Expanding Educational Opportunities: A Quasi Experiment," Working Papers 586, ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality.
    21. Ainhoa Vega-Bayo & Petr Mariel, 2019. "A Discrete Choice Experiment Application to School Choice in the Basque Country," Hacienda Pública Española / Review of Public Economics, IEF, vol. 230(3), pages 41-62, September.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    School; Stratification; Performance; Chile; education;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D60 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - General
    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education

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