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Stem water potential, stomatal conductance and yield in irrigated apple trees

Author

Listed:
  • Lenka Plavcová

    (Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic)

  • Radek Jupa

    (Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
    Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic)

  • Martin Mészáros

    (Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology, Holovousy, Hořice, Czech Republic)

  • Klára Scháňková

    (Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology, Holovousy, Hořice, Czech Republic)

  • Zuzana Kovalíková

    (Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic)

  • Jan Náměstek

    (Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology, Holovousy, Hořice, Czech Republic)

Abstract

Plant-based indicators of water status, such as midday stem water potential (Ψstem) and leaf stomatal conductance (gs), are used to optimise irrigation scheduling in horticultural crops because they integrate the effect of soil and climatic conditions and the internal physiological constraints. The use of these indicators relies on experimentally acquired thresholds that relate the value of the indicator to negative effects on yield. In five irrigation treatments, we monitored yield, fruit size and the courses of Ψstem and gs throughout four consecutive growing seasons. We found that Ψstem was more sensitive to irrigation treatment than gs. Both indicators increased with available soil water content (ASWC) and decreased with evaporative demands of the atmosphere (ETC). On a seasonal basis, crop load had a stronger impact on gs than Ψstem. In summary, our study explored the effect of environmental conditions and crop load on plant-based indicators of tree water status and can be useful for establishing thresholds for irrigation scheduling in apple tree orchards.

Suggested Citation

  • Lenka Plavcová & Radek Jupa & Martin Mészáros & Klára Scháňková & Zuzana Kovalíková & Jan Náměstek, 2023. "Stem water potential, stomatal conductance and yield in irrigated apple trees," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 69(7), pages 303-313.
    • Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:69:y:2023:i:7:id:160-2023-pse
    DOI: 10.17221/160/2023-PSE
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fernández, J.E. & Torres-Ruiz, J.M. & Diaz-Espejo, A. & Montero, A. & Álvarez, R. & Jiménez, M.D. & Cuerva, J. & Cuevas, M.V., 2011. "Use of maximum trunk diameter measurements to detect water stress in mature 'Arbequina' olive trees under deficit irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 98(12), pages 1813-1821, October.
    2. De Swaef, Tom & Steppe, Kathy & Lemeur, Raoul, 2009. "Determining reference values for stem water potential and maximum daily trunk shrinkage in young apple trees based on plant responses to water deficit," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 96(4), pages 541-550, April.
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