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Productivity and agglomeration economies in the manufacturing of the metropolitan areas of Mexico, 1998–2018

Author

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  • Jaime A. Prudencio‐Vázquez
  • Esteban Fernandez Marquez
  • Fernando Rubiera Morollón

Abstract

Mexico has experienced intense urbanization in recent decades. Although all the metropolitan areas of the country have grown, the size generated by the megalopolis of the Valle de México is especially relevant since it is able to generate more intense agglomeration economies than those of the rest of the urban concentrations. This heterogeneity in the urban structure of the country makes the analysis of the effect of agglomeration economies on productivity for the Mexican case especially interesting. Through a panel model with fixed effects, we studied the effects of agglomeration economies on labor productivity of the manufacturing industry in the metropolitan municipalities of Mexico. We propose an adaptation of the model of Combes (2000) to isolate the effects of localization economies though a specialization index and urbanization economies though an index of economic diversity and occupational density. Our results indicate that specialization and the level of economic diversity clearly contribute to explaining the productivity levels of manufacturers among metropolitan municipalities. México ha experimentado una intensa urbanización en las últimas décadas. Aunque todas las zonas metropolitanas del país han crecido, el tamaño generado por la megalópolis del Valle de México es especialmente relevante ya que es capaz de generar economías de aglomeración más intensas que las del resto de concentraciones urbanas. Esta heterogeneidad en la estructura urbana del país hace que el análisis del efecto de las economías de aglomeración sobre la productividad para el caso mexicano sea especialmente interesante. Se utilizó un modelo de panel con efectos fijos para estudiar los efectos de las economías de aglomeración sobre la productividad laboral de la industria manufacturera en los municipios metropolitanos de México. Se propone una adaptación del modelo de Combes (2000) para aislar los efectos de las economías de localización a través de un índice de especialización y de las economías de urbanización a través de un índice de diversidad económica y densidad ocupacional. Los resultados indican que la especialización y el nivel de diversidad económica contribuyen claramente a explicar los niveles de productividad de los fabricantes entre los municipios metropolitanos. メキシコはここ数十年で急激に都市化が進んだ。同国の大都市圏は発展を遂げたが、Valle de México巨大都市圏の規模は、他の都市圏よりも集中度の高い集積経済を生み出すことができるため特に重要である。メキシコにおける生産性に対する集積経済の影響の分析は、同国の都市構造が不均一であるため特に興味深いものである。固定効果のパネルモデルを用いて、メキシコの大都市圏における製造業の労働生産性に対する集積経済の影響を検討した。特価指数による地域特化の経済の効果と、経済的多様性と職業密度の指数による都市化の経済の効果を分離するためCombes(2000)のモデルを採用することを提案する。結果から、特価と経済的多様性のレベルが、大都市の自治体における製造業者の生産性レベルに明らかに関連することが示された。

Suggested Citation

  • Jaime A. Prudencio‐Vázquez & Esteban Fernandez Marquez & Fernando Rubiera Morollón, 2022. "Productivity and agglomeration economies in the manufacturing of the metropolitan areas of Mexico, 1998–2018," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 14(5), pages 1188-1200, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:14:y:2022:i:5:p:1188-1200
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12451
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