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Resisting the Entrepreneurial City: Street Vendors' Struggle in Mexico City's Historic Center

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  • VERONICA CROSSA

Abstract

Recent work on entrepreneurial urban governance has focused on the new forms of exclusion produced by neoliberal entrepreneurial urban strategies, arguing that local forms of social–spatial organization are being dismantled through practices ranging from the privatization of urban public space to the emergence of gated communities. By exploring the role of agency amid these changing structures of constraints, this article interrogates processes of socio‐spatial exclusion under entrepreneurial forms of urban governance. I argue that despite constraints placed upon different groups of affected citizens, excluded groups develop survival strategies that enable them to maintain a livelihood and in some cases empower them to thrive. I use the case of a recently implemented entrepreneurial policy in Mexico City called the Programa de Rescate (The Rescue Program). The prime objective of the policy is to revitalize and beautify the streets, buildings and central plaza of the city's Historic Center. Although this policy seeks an improvement in the quality of life for the local population, it excludes particular forms of social interaction that are central to the well‐being of a large sector of the population, particularly street vendors who rely on public spaces for their daily survival. I use the case of the Programa to show how street vendors have struggled to remain on the streets of Mexico City's Historic Center. Résumé Les travaux récents sur la gouvernance urbaine de type entrepreneurial s'intéressent surtout aux nouvelles formes d'exclusion que génèrent les stratégies urbaines néolibérales. Ils affirment que des formes locales d'organisation socio‐spatiale se désagrègent à cause de pratiques allant de la privatisation de l'espace public urbain à l'apparition de communautés privées sécurisées. En s'attachant au rôle de l'agence dans ces structures de contraintes évolutives, cet article examine les processus d'exclusion socio‐spatiale en cas de formes entrepreneuriales de gouvernance urbaine. Malgré les contraintes imposées aux différents groupes de citoyens concernés, les groupes exclus élaborent des stratégies de survie grâce auxquelles ils préservent leurs moyens de subsistance et se trouvent en mesure, dans certains cas, de prospérer. L'article prend le cas d'une politique publique de type entrepreneurial appliquée depuis peu à Mexico: Programa de Rescate (programme de sauvetage). En l'occurrence, il s'agit principalement de revitaliser et d'embellir les rues, les bâtiments et la place centrale du centre historique de la ville. Même si cette politique vise à améliorer la qualité de vie de la population locale, elle exclut certaines formes d'interaction sociale essentielles au bien‐être d'une grande part de la population, notamment des vendeurs ambulants dont la survie au quotidien dépend des espaces publics. Le cas du Programa permet de montrer comment ces vendeurs ont lutté pour rester dans les rues du centre historique de Mexico.

Suggested Citation

  • Veronica Crossa, 2009. "Resisting the Entrepreneurial City: Street Vendors' Struggle in Mexico City's Historic Center," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(1), pages 43-63, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:ijurrs:v:33:y:2009:i:1:p:43-63
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2427.2008.00823.x
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    3. Gabriel Fauveaud & Adèle Esposito, 2021. "Beyond official heritage agendas: The third space of conservation practices in Phnom Penh, Cambodia," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 58(12), pages 2473-2489, September.
    4. Sosa López, Oscar & Montero, Sergio, 2018. "Expert-citizens: Producing and contesting sustainable mobility policy in Mexican cities," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 137-144.
    5. Veronica Crossa, 2016. "Reading for difference on the street: De-homogenising street vending in Mexico City," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 53(2), pages 287-301, February.
    6. Haoying Han & Thuy Van T. Nguyen & Noman Sahito, 2019. "Sidewalk Zoom-In: A Spatial–Temporal Negotiation and Self-Organization within a Sociable Space," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-15, November.
    7. Ryan Anders Whitney, 2022. "FROM HERE, THERE, AND EVERYWHERE: English‐language Media Outlets and Urban Planning Best Practices in the Global South," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 46(3), pages 466-479, May.
    8. Martha Alter Chen, 2023. "The Informal Economy in Comparative Perspective: Theory, Policy and Reality," The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Springer;The Indian Society of Labour Economics (ISLE), vol. 66(2), pages 395-420, June.
    9. Femke van Noorloos & Christien Klaufus & Griet Steel, 2019. "Land in urban debates: Unpacking the grab–development dichotomy," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 56(5), pages 855-867, April.
    10. John B. Forkuor & Kofi O. Akuoko & Eric H. Yeboah, 2017. "Negotiation and Management Strategies of Street Vendors in Developing Countries," SAGE Open, , vol. 7(1), pages 21582440176, February.
    11. Ryan Thomas Devlin & Francesca Piazzoni, 2023. "In the name of history: (De)Legitimising street vendors in New York and Rome," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 60(1), pages 109-125, January.
    12. Nogueira, Mara, 2019. "Displacing Informality: rights and Legitimacy in Belo Horizonte, Brazil," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 100837, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    13. Villacrés, Lisette & Geenen, Sara, 2021. "Abordaje de la venta ambulante en Guayaquil - Ecuador: desde los discursos hegemónicos a un enfoque basado en los derechos," IOB Discussion Papers 2021.01, Universiteit Antwerpen, Institute of Development Policy (IOB).
    14. Ryan Anders Whitney & David López-García, 2023. "Fast-track institutionalization: The opening of urban planning best practice agencies in Mexico City," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 41(3), pages 600-616, May.
    15. Delphine Ancien, 2011. "Global City Theory and the New Urban Politics Twenty Years On," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 48(12), pages 2473-2493, September.
    16. Andres Jauregui & Kirk C. Heriot & David T. Mitchell, 2021. "Corruption and formal-sector entrepreneurship in a middle-income country: spatial analysis of firm births in the Mexican states," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 57(4), pages 1957-1972, December.
    17. Nogueira, Mara & Shin, Hyun Bang, 2022. "The “right to the city centre”: political struggles of street vendors in Belo Horizonte, Brazil," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 116876, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    18. Chihsin CHIU, 2014. "Rethinking Decentralized Managerialism In The Taipei Shilin Night Market," Management Research and Practice, Research Centre in Public Administration and Public Services, Bucharest, Romania, vol. 6(3), pages 66-87, September.
    19. Michael Janoschka & Jorge Sequera & Luis Salinas, 2014. "Gentrification in Spain and Latin America — a Critical Dialogue," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(4), pages 1234-1265, July.
    20. Christian Schmid & Ozan Karaman & Naomi C Hanakata & Pascal Kallenberger & Anne Kockelkorn & Lindsay Sawyer & Monika Streule & Kit Ping Wong, 2018. "Towards a new vocabulary of urbanisation processes: A comparative approach," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 55(1), pages 19-52, January.
    21. Mojgan Taheri Tafti, 2020. "Assembling street vending," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 57(9), pages 1887-1902, July.

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