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Extracting Information from Options Markets: Smiles, State–Price Densities and Risk Aversion

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  • Christophe Pérignon
  • Christophe Villa

Abstract

In this paper, recent techniques of estimating implied information from derivatives markets are presented and applied empirically to the French derivatives market. We determine nonparametric implied volatility functions, state–price densities and historical densities from a high–frequency CAC 40 stock index option dataset. Moreover, we construct an estimator of the risk aversion function implied by the joint observation of the cross–section of option prices and time–series of underlying asset value. We report a decreasing implied volatility curve with the moneyness of the option. The estimated relative risk aversion functions are positive and globally consistent with the decreasing relative risk aversion assumption.

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  • Christophe Pérignon & Christophe Villa, 2002. "Extracting Information from Options Markets: Smiles, State–Price Densities and Risk Aversion," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 8(4), pages 495-513, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:eufman:v:8:y:2002:i:4:p:495-513
    DOI: 10.1111/1468-036X.00201
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    Cited by:

    1. Francisco Alonso & Roberto Blanco & Gonzalo Rubio, 2009. "Option-implied preferences adjustments, density forecasts, and the equity risk premium," Spanish Economic Review, Springer;Spanish Economic Association, vol. 11(2), pages 141-164, June.
    2. Tapiero, Charles S. & Kogan, Konstantin, 2009. "Risk-averse order policies with random prices in complete market and retailers' private information," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 196(2), pages 594-599, July.
    3. Hamed Ghanbari & Michael Oancea & Stylianos Perrakis, 2021. "Shedding light on a dark matter: Jump diffusion and option‐implied investor preferences," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 27(2), pages 244-286, March.
    4. Bedoui, Rihab & Hamdi, Haykel, 2015. "Option-implied risk aversion estimation," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 12(2), pages 142-152.
    5. Liu, Xiaoquan & Shackleton, Mark B. & Taylor, Stephen J. & Xu, Xinzhong, 2007. "Closed-form transformations from risk-neutral to real-world distributions," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(5), pages 1501-1520, May.
    6. Luca Regis & Simone Scotti, 2008. "Risk Premium Impact in the Perturbative Black Scholes Model," Papers 0806.0307, arXiv.org.
    7. Maria Kyriacou & Jose Olmo & Marius Strittmatter, 2021. "Optimal portfolio allocation using option‐implied information," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(2), pages 266-285, February.
    8. Liao, Wen Ju & Sung, Hao-Chang, 2020. "Implied risk aversion and pricing kernel in the FTSE 100 index," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    9. Ting-Huan Chang, 2011. "Risk preference and trading motivation measurement due to moneyness: evidence from the S&P 500 Index option market," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(14), pages 1049-1057.
    10. Horatio Cuesdeanu & Jens Carsten Jackwerth, 2018. "The pricing kernel puzzle: survey and outlook," Annals of Finance, Springer, vol. 14(3), pages 289-329, August.
    11. Jenke ter Horst & Chris Veld, 2008. "An Empirical Analysis of the Pricing of Bank Issued Options versus Options Exchange Options," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 14(2), pages 288-314, March.
    12. Kang, Byung Jin & Kim, Tong Suk, 2006. "Option-implied risk preferences: An extension to wider classes of utility functions," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 9(2), pages 180-198, May.
    13. Qingxia (Jenny) Wang, 2023. "Financial effects of carbon risk and carbon disclosure: A review," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 63(4), pages 4175-4219, December.
    14. Daniel Giamouridis, 2005. "Inferring option-implied investors' risk preferences," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 15(7), pages 479-488.

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