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Relationships of stigma and shame to gonorrhea and HIV screening

Author

Listed:
  • Fortenberry, J.D.
  • McFarlane, M.
  • Bleakley, A.
  • Bull, S.
  • Fishbein, M.
  • Grimley, D.M.
  • Malotte, C.K.
  • Stoner, B.P.

Abstract

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationships between stigma and shame associated with seeking treatment for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and undergoing testing for gonorrhea and HIV. Methods. Participants were 847 males and 1126 females (mean age: 24.9 years) in 7 cities. Two scales assessed STD-related stigma and STD-related shame. Results. Rates of stigma and shame were higher among participants without a gonorrhea test in the past year and among those without an HIV test. Sex, age, health service use, previous suspicion of gonorrhea, and low levels of stigma were independently associated with gonorrhea testing. Age, enrollment site, use of health services, gonorrhea testing, and low levels of stigma were independently associated with HIV testing. Conclusions. Shame is part of the experience of seeking STD-related care, but stigma may be a more powerful barrier to obtaining such care.

Suggested Citation

  • Fortenberry, J.D. & McFarlane, M. & Bleakley, A. & Bull, S. & Fishbein, M. & Grimley, D.M. & Malotte, C.K. & Stoner, B.P., 2002. "Relationships of stigma and shame to gonorrhea and HIV screening," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 92(3), pages 378-381.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:2002:92:3:378-381_5
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Maria H Lindberg & Lena Wettergren & Maria Wiklander & Veronica Svedhem-Johansson & Lars E Eriksson, 2014. "Psychometric Evaluation of the HIV Stigma Scale in a Swedish Context," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(12), pages 1-16, December.
    2. Dean A. Shepherd & Holger Patzelt, 2015. "Harsh Evaluations of Entrepreneurs Who Fail: The Role of Sexual Orientation, Use of Environmentally Friendly Technologies, and Observers' Perspective Taking," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 52(2), pages 253-284, March.
    3. Emily Scheinfeld, 2023. "The Role of Shame, Stigma, and Family Communication Patterns in the Decision to Disclose STIs to Parents in Order to Seek Support," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-12, March.
    4. Cort, David A. & Tu, Hsin Fei, 2018. "Safety in stigmatizing? Instrumental stigma beliefs and protective sexual behavior in Sub-Saharan Africa," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 144-152.
    5. Marija Pantelic & Mark Boyes & Lucie Cluver & Mildred Thabeng, 2018. "‘They Say HIV is a Punishment from God or from Ancestors’: Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Assessment of an HIV Stigma Scale for South African Adolescents Living with HIV (ALHIV-SS)," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 11(1), pages 207-223, February.
    6. Berger, Magdalena & Wagner, Todd H. & Baker, Laurence C., 2005. "Internet use and stigmatized illness," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 61(8), pages 1821-1827, October.
    7. Hisashi Eguchi & Koji Wada & Derek R Smith, 2014. "Sociodemographic Factors and Prejudice toward HIV and Hepatitis B/C Status in a Working-Age Population: Results from a National, Cross-Sectional Study in Japan," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(5), pages 1-7, May.
    8. Hao Li & Ling Zheng & Hong Le & Lijun Zhuo & Qian Wu & Guoqing Ma & Hongbing Tao, 2020. "The Mediating Role of Internalized Stigma and Shame on the Relationship between COVID-19 Related Discrimination and Mental Health Outcomes among Back-to-School Students in Wuhan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-14, December.
    9. Emily Scheinfeld, 2021. "Shame and STIs: An Exploration of Emerging Adult Students’ Felt Shame and Stigma towards Getting Tested for and Disclosing Sexually Transmitted Infections," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-19, July.
    10. Maman, Suzanne & Abler, Laurie & Parker, Lisa & Lane, Tim & Chirowodza, Admire & Ntogwisangu, Jacob & Srirak, Namtip & Modiba, Precious & Murima, Oliver & Fritz, Katherine, 2009. "A comparison of HIV stigma and discrimination in five international sites: The influence of care and treatment resources in high prevalence settings," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(12), pages 2271-2278, June.
    11. Jiannan Li & Wenqi Liang & Bocong Yuan & Guojun Zeng, 2020. "Internalized Stigmatization, Social Support, and Individual Mental Health Problems in the Public Health Crisis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-14, June.
    12. Arimoto, Yutaka & Hori, Narumi & Ito, Seiro & Kudo, Yuya & Tsukada, Kazunari, 2012. "Impacts of an HIV Counselling and Testing Initiative: Results from an Experimental Intervention in South Africa," CEI Working Paper Series 2011-13, Center for Economic Institutions, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University.
    13. Arimoto, Yutaka & Hori, Narumi & Ito, Seiro & Kudo, Yuya & Tsukada, Kazunari, 2016. "Impacts of an HIV counseling and testing initiative -- results from an experimental intervention in a large firm in South Africa," IDE Discussion Papers 597, Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization(JETRO).

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