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The relationship between external threats and smoking in Central Harlem

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  • Ganz, M.L.

Abstract

Objectives. This study assessed the relationship between external risks, such as personal and neighborhood danger, and smoking by using a new theoretical framework based on competing mortality risk models. Methods. Regression analyses of self-reported data from residents of Central Harlem, New York, surveyed from 1992 through 1994 (n = 695, response rate = 72%) were used to assess the relationship between smoking and 2 measures of external health threats: levels of neighborhood danger and lifetime trauma. Results. Support for the framework was mixed. At the 95% confidence level, exposure to lifetime trauma was positively related to current smoking status but was not related to the number of cigarettes smoked, conditional on being a smoker. Living in a 'somewhat unsafe neighborhood' was also statistically significantly related to the current smoking status. Conclusions. Although the framework implies that policies directed at improving the physical and social environment might improve health through their indirect effects on behaviors, little supporting evidence was found. Smoking rates may decrease if exposure to violence and neighborhood danger is reduced. This framework needs to be tested on larger and more information-rich data sets.

Suggested Citation

  • Ganz, M.L., 2000. "The relationship between external threats and smoking in Central Harlem," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 90(3), pages 367-371.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:2000:90:3:367-371_4
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    Cited by:

    1. Arnold, Michael & Hsu, Ling & Pipkin, Sharon & McFarland, Willi & Rutherford, George W., 2009. "Race, place and AIDS: The role of socioeconomic context on racial disparities in treatment and survival in San Francisco," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 69(1), pages 121-128, July.
    2. Chenghan Xiao & Yang Yang & Xiaohe Xu & Xiao Ma, 2020. "Housing Conditions, Neighborhood Physical Environment, and Secondhand Smoke Exposure at Home: Evidence from Chinese Rural-to-Urban Migrant Workers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-13, April.
    3. Liqun Liu, 2008. "Spillover of cause-specific longevity interventions: an independent mortality risk model," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 9(2), pages 193-201, May.
    4. Liqun Liu & Andrew J. Rettenmaier & Thomas R. Saving, 2012. "A rational choice theory of midlife crises," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 32(1), pages 51-58.
    5. Liu, Liqun & Rettenmaier, Andrew J., 2007. "Effects of mortality risk on risk-taking behavior," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 94(1), pages 49-55, January.
    6. Lei, Lei, 2017. "The impact of community context on children's health and nutritional status in China," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 172-181.
    7. Tyler Kustra, 2017. "HIV/AIDS, Life Expectancy, and the Opportunity Cost Model of Civil War," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 61(10), pages 2130-2157, November.
    8. Virtanen, Marianna & Kivimäki, Mika & Kouvonen, Anne & Elovainio, Marko & Linna, Anne & Oksanen, Tuula & Vahtera, Jussi, 2007. "Average household income, crime, and smoking behaviour in a local area: The Finnish 10-Town study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 64(9), pages 1904-1913, May.
    9. Liqun Liu & Andrew J. Rettenmaier & Thomas R. Saving, 2019. "Staying the Course or Rolling the Dice: Time Horizon’s Effect on the Propensity to Take Risk," Journal of Insurance Issues, Western Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 42(1), pages 66-85.
    10. Erica Ann Felker-Kantor & Colette Cunningham-Myrie & Lisa-Gaye Greene & Parris Lyew-Ayee & Uki Atkinson & Wendel Abel & Pernell Clarke & Simon G Anderson & Katherine P Theall, 2019. "Neighborhood crime, disorder and substance use in the Caribbean context: Jamaica National Drug Use Prevalence Survey 2016," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(11), pages 1-15, November.

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