Privatisierung von Arbeitsvermittlungsdienstleistungen - Wundermittel zur Effizienzsteigerung? Eine Bestandsaufnahme deutscher und internationaler Erfahrungen
Abstract
Seit 1998 und verstärkt im Zuge der so genannten Hartz-Reformen werden Vermittlungsdienstleistungen privater Anbieter zunehmend öffentlich über Contracting Out und Gutscheinverfahren gefördert und als Alternative zur öffentlichen Arbeitsvermittlung diskutiert. Das vorliegende Papier stellt aktuelle theoretische und empirische Befunde zu diesen Privatisierungsformen vor. Zunächst werden die Funktionsvoraussetzungen einer Steuerung der Leistungserbringung durch private Dienstleister (Agenten) im Auftrag der öffentlichen Hand (Prinzipal) an so genannten Quasi-Märkten erörtert. Sodann werden Ergebnisse der Evaluation der neuen Vermittlungsinstrumente Beauftragung Dritter nach § 37 SGB III, Eingliederungsmaßnahmen nach § 421i SGB III und dem Vermittlungsgutschein vorgelegt, gefolgt von Befunden zum Kontraktmanagement von Arbeitsvermittlungsdienstleistungen in Australien, Großbritannien (Employment Zones) und den Niederlanden. Aufgrund der deutschen und internationalen Ergebnisse kommen die Autoren zu dem Schluss, dass angesichts der komplexen Funktionsvoraussetzungen und des hohen Regulierungsbedarfs die Effizienzsteigerungspotentiale der Arbeitsvermittlung durch die Beauftragung privater Dritter beschränkt bleiben. Der Ausbau der dezentralen Handlungsspielräume der öffentlichen Arbeitsvermittlung stellt eine funktionale Alternative der Effizienzmobilisierung dar, deren Möglichkeiten noch nicht ausgeschöpft werden. -- Recent reform proposals assume efficiency gains of further privatization of public placement services. However, since 1998 private placement services in Germany have been subsidized and governed by contracting out and by vouchers. This paper presents theoretical and empirical findings about these forms of privatization. General requirements for managing contracts and vouchers at quasimarkets, and up-to-date results of the evaluation of the so called Hartz-reforms are presented, focussed on three new placement programmes relying on private service delivery. Moreover, recent studies on contracting out of placement services in Australia, Great Britain and the Netherlands are reflected. In light of the German and international experiences, the prospects to increase the efficiency of placement services by privatization are considered to be limited due to the ambitious requirements and regulation needs of quasi-markets. Alternatively, a significant increase of the local discretion of the public employment agencies could improve the overall efficiency of placement services, an option which has not been sufficiently taken into account yet.Download Info
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Paper provided by Social Science Research Center Berlin (WZB) in its series Discussion Papers, Research Unit: Labor Market Policy and Employment with number SP I 2007-101.Length:
Date of creation: 2007
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Handle: RePEc:zbw:wzblpe:spi2007101
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- Bruttel, Oliver, 2005. "Contracting-out and governance mechanisms in the public employment service," Discussion Papers, Research Unit: Labor Market Policy and Employment SP I 2005-109, Social Science Research Center Berlin (WZB).
- David Grubb, 2003. "Points of Comparison between Australia’s Job Network and the Dutch Market for Reintegration Services," Australian Journal of Labour Economics (AJLE), The Centre for Labour Market Research (CLMR), Curtin Business School, vol. 6(2), pages 357-370, June.
- Ludo Struyven, 2004. "Design Choices in Market Competition for Employment Services for the Long-Term Unemployed," OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers 21, OECD Publishing.
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