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Die Kultur der Prävention: Ein Ansatz zur Zivilisierung internationaler Politik?

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  • Chojnacki, Sven
  • Eberwein, Wolf-Dieter

Abstract

Auch im 21. Jahrhundert sieht sich die internationale Politik mit einer altbekannten, doppelten Fragestellung konfrontiert: Warum und wie kommt es einerseits dazu, daß Staaten oder gesellschaftliche Gruppen immer wieder zur Gewalt greifen? Wie lassen sich andererseits der Ausbruch und die Eskalation gewaltsamer Konflikte verhindern und, sollte dies nicht möglich sein, zumindest eindämmen? Als Zauberformel wird in der Wissenschaft und Praxis der Begriff der Prävention gehandelt, der seit dem Ende des Ost-West-Konflikts eine atemberaubende Karriere gemacht hat. Um die vielfach postulierte „Kultur der Prävention“ angemessen zu erfassen, werden drei miteinander verknüpfte Aspekte problematisiert, die zugleich Erklärungselemente des Wandels im internationalen System bereithalten: 1. die Problemstruktur des internationalen Systems, 2. die organisatorische und politikfeldspezifische Struktur der internationalen Beziehungen (transnationale und internationale Akteure in den Politikfeldern Sicherheit, Entwicklung und humanitäre Hilfe) sowie 3. die normative Struktur internationaler Ordnung (Souveränität, Nichteinmischungsnorm). Vor diesem Hintergrund kann gezeigt werden, daß es zwar durchaus Prozesse der Zivilisierung der internationalen Politik gibt. Doch wird eben auch deutlich, daß kollektive Gewaltanwendung, insbesondere ihr Wandel, nach wie vor eine fundamentale Herausforderung sowohl für praktische Präventionspolitik als auch für die Theorie der Internationalen Beziehungen ist.

Suggested Citation

  • Chojnacki, Sven & Eberwein, Wolf-Dieter, 2000. "Die Kultur der Prävention: Ein Ansatz zur Zivilisierung internationaler Politik?," Discussion Papers, Research Group International Politics P 00-301, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:wzbipo:p00301
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    References listed on IDEAS

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