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Die Governance der Bioökonomie: Herausforderungen einer Nachhaltigkeitstransformation am Beispiel der holzbasierten Bioökonomie in Deutschland

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  • Gawel, Erik
  • Purkus, Alexandra
  • Pannicke, Nadine
  • Hagemann, Nina

Abstract

Um die Nachhaltigkeit wirtschaftlicher Prozesse und Produkte dauerhaft zu erhöhen, ist ein Übergang von der gegenwärtigen, vorwiegend auf fossilen Rohstoffen basierenden "Durchflusswirtschaft" zu einer auf nachwachsende Rohstoffe ausgerichteten Kreislaufwirtschaft, der sogenannten Bioökonomie, notwendig. Hierfür bedarf es eines geeigneten Governance-Rahmens mit (i) einer "Ermöglichungsfunktion", die faire Wettbewerbsbedingungen für effiziente Allokationsentscheidungen über biogene Ressourcen schafft, aber auch (ii) einer "Beschränkungsfunktion", welche die Nachhaltigkeit einer stärkeren Nutzung biobasierter Ressourcen sichert. Ein Pfadübergang wird jedoch u. a. durch interagierende Marktversagen, die Allokationsentscheidungen verzerren, sowie durch Unsicherheiten bezüglich der wirtschaftlichen, ökologischen und sozioökonomischen Auswirkungen verschiedener biobasierter Produktionspfade erschwert. Darüber hinaus erfordert der Übergang zu einem neuen "upper state"-Nachhaltigkeitsgleichgewicht auch ein entsprechendes politökonomisches Gleichgewicht auf Regulierungsmärkten, das erforderliche Transformationspolitiken realisierbar macht. Dieser Beitrag diskutiert die Herausforderungen, die mit dem Aufbau eines wirksamen Governance-Rahmens für die Bioökonomie verbunden sind. Anhand einer Fallstudie der holzbasierten Bioökonomie in Deutschland wird untersucht, wie die "ermöglichenden" und "beschränkenden" Governance-Funktionen in der Praxis umgesetzt werden. Auf dieser Grundlage werden Weiterentwicklungsempfehlungen abgeleitet.

Suggested Citation

  • Gawel, Erik & Purkus, Alexandra & Pannicke, Nadine & Hagemann, Nina, 2016. "Die Governance der Bioökonomie: Herausforderungen einer Nachhaltigkeitstransformation am Beispiel der holzbasierten Bioökonomie in Deutschland," UFZ Discussion Papers 2/2016, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Division of Social Sciences (ÖKUS).
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ufzdps:22016
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nina Hagemann & Erik Gawel & Alexandra Purkus & Nadine Pannicke & Jennifer Hauck, 2016. "Possible Futures towards a Wood-Based Bioeconomy: A Scenario Analysis for Germany," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(1), pages 1-24, January.
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    Keywords

    Bioökonomie; Holz; Governance; Politikinstrumente; Pfadabhängigkeiten; Deutschland;
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