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Europa im Systemwettbewerb mit China: Trugschlüsse, Schutzinstrumente und offensive Antworten

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  • Lenz, Fulko

Abstract

Im Zuge der Debatte um einen Systemwettbewerb zwischen Europa und China werden wirtschaftspolitische Maßnahmen Chinas sowie dortiges Wachstum zunehmend als Bedrohung wahrgenommen. Dabei scheinen sich mitunter folgenreiche Trugschlüsse festzusetzen. Eine Renationalisierung von Wertschöpfung anzustreben, die Weltwirtschaft und technologische Fortschritte als Nullsummenspiele zu verstehen, den Schutz von Technologievorsprüngen zu verfolgen oder unter dem Eindruck chinesischer Industriepolitik eine Planung von Innovationen mittels politischer Top-Down-Prozesse zu imitieren, brächte für Europa am Ende deutlich mehr Schaden als Nutzen. Der politische Wunsch, europäische Unternehmen vor dem Hintergrund des Systemwettbewerbs besser schützen zu wollen, ist durchaus verständlich. Die Ausgestaltung von konkreten Maßnahmen und Instrumenten, mit denen mögliche Wettbewerbsverzerrungen durch Unternehmen aus China, durch chinesische Investitionstätigkeit oder im Bereich der öffentlichen Auftragsvergabe verhindert werden sollen, stellt aber immer eine schmale Gratwanderung dar. Ebenso kann der Verweis auf mögliche unfaire Wettbewerbsverzerrungen ein bloßer, dem protektionistischen Interesse Einzelner dienender, Vorwand sein. Die Studie "Europa im Systemwettbewerb mit China" aus unserer Reihe Argumente zu Marktwirtschaft und Politik plädiert daher für regelbasierte, transparente und europäisch einheitliche Schutzinstrumente. Bei der Suche nach offensiven Antworten auf den Systemwettbewerb mit China sollte ein stärkerer Fokus auf die Schaffung von Kompetenzen, eine sorgfältige Analyse der staatlichen Rolle im Innovationsprozess und die Bereitschaft zu nationalstaatlicher Souveränitätsabgabe an die EU in geopolitischen Kernbereichen gelegt werden.

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  • Lenz, Fulko, 2020. "Europa im Systemwettbewerb mit China: Trugschlüsse, Schutzinstrumente und offensive Antworten," Argumente zur Marktwirtschaft und Politik 150, Stiftung Marktwirtschaft / The Market Economy Foundation, Berlin.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:smwarg:150
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    1. Lenz, Fulko, 2021. "Der digitale Staat - Transparenz als Digitalisierungsmotor," Argumente zur Marktwirtschaft und Politik 155, Stiftung Marktwirtschaft / The Market Economy Foundation, Berlin.

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    Keywords

    Europa; Subventionen; Ordnungspolitik; Wettbewerbspolitik;
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