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Does tourism influence financial development in Kenya?

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  • Musakwa, Mercy T
  • Odhiambo, Nicholas M

Abstract

In this study, we investigate the impact of tourism on financial development in Kenya using time series data from 1995 to 2017. The study uses the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound testing approach to cointegration and error correction model to examine this linkage. To increase the robustness of the results, the study uses two proxies of financial development, namely broad money (bank-based financial development proxy) and total value of stocks traded (market-based financial development proxy). Results show that tourism has an insignificant impact on financial development in Kenya ? both in the short and in the long run. The results apply irrespective of whether the financial development is proxied by a bank-based financial development indicator or by a market-based financial development indicator. This finding points to the fact that, although tourism is one of the main sources of foreign exchange in Kenya, it has no direct impact on financial development. The findings from this study add value to policy makers in Kenya by revealing the insignificant impact tourism has on financial development, although it is contrary to other studies that found a positive contribution. Based on the findings, Kenya may not anchor its financial development policies on tourism.

Suggested Citation

  • Musakwa, Mercy T & Odhiambo, Nicholas M, 2022. "Does tourism influence financial development in Kenya?," Working Papers 29228, University of South Africa, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:uza:wpaper:29228
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Muhammad Shahbaz & Ramzi Benkraiem & Anthony Miloudi & Aviral Kumar Tiwari, 2019. "Tourism-induced financial development in Malaysia: New evidence from the tourism development index," Tourism Economics, , vol. 25(5), pages 757-778, August.
    2. Sheilla Nyasha & Nicholas M. Odhiambo & Simplice A. Asongu, 2021. "The Impact of Tourism Development on Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 33(6), pages 1514-1535, December.
    3. Sheilla Nyasha & Nicholas M Odhiambo, 2014. "Bank-based financial development and economic growth," Journal of Financial Economic Policy, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 6(2), pages 112-132, May.
    4. M. Hashem Pesaran & Yongcheol Shin & Richard J. Smith, 2001. "Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 16(3), pages 289-326.
    5. Çağatay Başarir & Yasin Nuri Çakir, 2015. "Causal Interactions Between Co2 Emissions, Financial Development, Energy and Tourism," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 5(11), pages 1227-1238, November.
    6. Muhammad Shahbaz & Ronald Ravinesh Kumar & Stanislav Ivanov & Nanthakumar Loganathan, 2017. "The nexus between tourism demand and output per capita with the relative importance of trade openness and financial development," Tourism Economics, , vol. 23(1), pages 168-186, February.
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    Keywords

    Financial development; market-based financial development; bank-based financial development; tourism; Kenya; ARDL approach;
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