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Vazamento de demanda setorial e competitividade da indústria de transformação brasileira

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  • Paulo César Morceiro

Abstract

Após duas décadas e meia de baixo crescimento, o Brasil voltou a crescer de modo continuado e acima da economia mundial durante a década de 2004-2013. Esse crescimento foi puxado pela demanda doméstica e beneficiou diversos setores da economia, principalmente da indústria de transformação. Observou-se significativo crescimento da produção e do emprego manufatureiros no período, com aumento da participação das indústrias de alta e média-alta intensidade tecnológica. Entretanto, parcela substantiva do crescimento da demanda vazou para o exterior na forma de importações em vários setores industriais, com maior intensidade nos setores de alta e média-alta tecnologia. No período, a manufatura brasileira perdeu bastante competitividade, apresentou crescimento negativo da produtividade do trabalho e registrou déficits comerciais na maioria dos setores, inclusive naqueles tradicionalmente superavitários. O artigo também mostra que setores importantes do ponto de vista tecnológico estão caminhando da transformação para a simples montagem e alguns até para a maquila, além de indicar que a indústria é integrada às cadeias globais de valor pelo lado das importações.

Suggested Citation

  • Paulo César Morceiro, 2016. "Vazamento de demanda setorial e competitividade da indústria de transformação brasileira," Working Papers, Department of Economics 2016_12, University of São Paulo (FEA-USP).
  • Handle: RePEc:spa:wpaper:2016wpecon12
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    File URL: http://www.repec.eae.fea.usp.br/documentos/PauloMorceiro_12WP.pdf
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    Cited by:

    1. Strachman, Eduardo, 2016. "Crescimento Econômico Brasileiro e seus Obstáculos – 1930-2015: uma análise histórico-estrutural [The Brazilian Economic Growth and its Constraints - 1930-2015: a historic-structural analysis]," MPRA Paper 72697, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 22 Jul 2016.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    sectoral demand leakages; labor productivity; manufacturing industry; industrial competitiveness; sectoral analysis;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L6 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology
    • O40 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - General

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