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The Influence of Heterogeneous Preferences on Asset Prices in an Incomplete Market Model

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Author Info
Frank Niehaus

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Abstract

In this paper, we examine an exchange economy with a financial market composed of three assets: a share of a stock, an European call option written on the stock, and a riskless bond. The financial market is assumed to be incomplete and the option is not a redundant asset. In such a case the construction of a riskless hedge-portfolio to valuate the option is unfeasible and therefore the pricing of the assets becomes a simultaneous valuation problem, nonlinearly depending on the preferences of the agents. First, the case of homogeneous agents (or, equivalently, of a representative agent) is studied. By means of numerical analysis, it can be found that individual preferences have a major impact on the price relation of the assets, including the price of the option. This stays in contrast to the Black-Scholes analysis, where the option is a redundant asset. A unique price relation exists and no trading takes place. In the case of heterogeneous agents the price relation of the assets crucially depends on the span of heterogeneity of the preferences. Now, trading takes place. The more risk averse agents buy the bond and sell the share and the option, whereas the less risk averse agents buy the option and the share and sell the riskless bond. More surprisingly we find that the representative asset-pricing-model overprices the riskless bond and underprices the option in relation to our model of heterogeneous agents.

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Paper provided by Society for Computational Economics in its series Computing in Economics and Finance 2001 with number 60.

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Date of creation: 01 Apr 2001
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Handle: RePEc:sce:scecf1:60

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Related research
Keywords: Asset pricing; Incomplete markets; Option pricing; Heterogeneous agents;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
C60 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods and Programming - - - General
D52 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Incomplete Markets
G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Dietmar P.J. Leisen and Kenneth L. Judd, 2001. "A Partial Equilibrium Model of Option Markets," Computing in Economics and Finance 2001 219, Society for Computational Economics.
  2. Mark Rubinstein, 1976. "The Valuation of Uncertain Income Streams and the Pricing of Options," Bell Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 7(2), pages 407-425, Autumn. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Cox, John C. & Ross, Stephen A. & Rubinstein, Mark, 1979. "Option pricing: A simplified approach," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 7(3), pages 229-263, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Detemple, Jerome B & Selden, Larry, 1991. "A General Equilibrium Analysis of Option and Stock Market Interactions," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 32(2), pages 279-303, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Drees, Burkhard & Eckwert, Bernhard, 1995. " The Risk and Price Volatility of Stock Options in General Equilibrium," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 97(3), pages 459-67, September.
  6. Franke, Gunter & Stapleton, Richard C. & Subrahmanyam, Marti G., 1998. "Who Buys and Who Sells Options: The Role of Options in an Economy with Background Risk," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 82(1), pages 89-109, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Robert C. Merton, 1973. "Theory of Rational Option Pricing," Bell Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 4(1), pages 141-183, Spring. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Bailey, Warren & Stulz, Ren? M., 1989. "The Pricing of Stock Index Options in a General Equilibrium Model," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 24(01), pages 1-12, March. [Downloadable!]
  9. Black, Fischer & Scholes, Myron S, 1973. "The Pricing of Options and Corporate Liabilities," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 81(3), pages 637-54, May-June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  10. Guenter Franke & Richard C. Stapleton & Marti G. Subrahmanyam, 1999. "When are Options Overpriced? The Black-Scholes Model and Alternative Characterisations of the Pricing Kernel," Finance 9904004, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
  11. Lucas, Robert E, Jr, 1978. "Asset Prices in an Exchange Economy," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 46(6), pages 1429-45, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  12. Leland, Hayne E, 1980. " Who Should Buy Portfolio Insurance?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 35(2), pages 581-94, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  13. Guntar Franke & Richard C. Stapleton & Marti G. Subrahmanyam, 1999. "When are Options Overpriced? The Black-Scholes Model and Alternative Characterizations of the Pricing Kernel," New York University, Leonard N. Stern School Finance Department Working Paper Seires 99-003, New York University, Leonard N. Stern School of Business-. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  14. Brennan, M J, 1979. "The Pricing of Contingent Claims in Discrete Time Models," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 34(1), pages 53-68, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  15. Rubinstein, Mark, 1974. "An aggregation theorem for securities markets," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 1(3), pages 225-244, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Sabrina Ecca & Michele Marchesi & Alessio Setzu, 2008. "Modeling and Simulation of an Artificial Stock Option Market," Computational Economics, Springer, vol. 32(1), pages 37-53, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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