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Réformes économiques en Bulgarie depuis 1989 (Economic reforms in Bulgaria since 1989)

Author

Listed:
  • Evguénia Madelaine

    (labrii, ULCO)

Abstract

Depuis la chute du régime communiste, la Bulgarie est engagée dans la transformation de son économie centralisée et planifiée en une économie de marché. La restructuration économique bulgare est accompagnée d’une détérioration de la situation bancaire. La corrélation nécessaire entre la discipline financière des entreprises d’Etat, la privatisation et la restructuration d’une part et la stabilisation macro-économique d’autre part n’avaient pas été suffisamment prises en compte, faute de volonté politique. A peine, depuis 1997, les mesures adoptées se sont avérées efficaces. Les récents programmes de réforme ont mis l’accent sur l’accélération du processus de privatisation et sur la restructuration des grands monopoles d’Etat. Les investissements, quoique modérés, ont permis de maintenir la croissance à un niveau relativement élevé. Quant aux PME, elles pourraient devenir une source réelle de croissance économique et de création d’emplois, au moment où beaucoup de grandes entreprises sont confrontées à une restructuration en profondeur. La stabilisation macro-économique actuelle permet d’espérer le redressement de la production, du niveau de vie et l’émergence d’un tissu solide de PME qui deviendrait le socle de l’économie bulgare modernisée. Since the fall of the communist regime, Bulgaria has committed itself to transforming its centralised and planned economy into a market economy. The Bulgarian economic restructuring is accompanied by a deterioration in the banking position. The correlation required between the financial rigour of the state-owned firms, privatization and restructuring on the one hand and macro-economic stabilization on the other hand, had not been sufficiently taken into consideration, due to a political reluctance. Only since 1997 have the measures adopted been effective. The recent reform programmes have put the emphasis on the acceleration of the privatization process and on restructuring the big state monopolies. The investments, although moderate, have allowed growth to reach relatively high levels. Small and medium-sized firms could become a real source of economic growth and mean the creation of jobs, at a time when many large firms are faced with in-depth restructuring. The current macro-economic stabilization gives hope for an upturn in production, in the standard of living and the appearance of a solid network of small and mediium-sized firms which would form the foundations of the modernised Bulgarian economy.

Suggested Citation

  • Evguénia Madelaine, 2003. "Réformes économiques en Bulgarie depuis 1989 (Economic reforms in Bulgaria since 1989)," Working Papers 67, Laboratoire de Recherche sur l'Industrie et l'Innovation. ULCO / Research Unit on Industry and Innovation.
  • Handle: RePEc:rii:riidoc:67
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Bulgarie; réformes économiques; 1989; investissement/Bulgaria; economic reforms; 1989; investment;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R50 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Regional Government Analysis - - - General

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