This paper re-examines the agriculture of Lower Canada with an emphasis on geographic variation in efficiency. The paper estimates agricultural output per worker by county using census data for 1851. We find only limited support for the factors emphasized in the literature. We find no great productivity disadvantage associated with growing wheat, only a small role played by soil quality, and no support for the notion that older-settled areas, with worn-out soil, had lower productivity.
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Paper provided by Queen's University, Department of Economics in its series Working Papers with number
451.