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An approach to the structural features of the socio-economic activity of a country based on a Social Accounting Matrix.Evidences and multiplier effects on distribution of income

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  • Santos, Susana

Abstract

A Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) is presented as a tool to study the socio-economic activity of a country. This activity involves the monetary or nominal flows that are measured by the National Accounts, as well as production (organized in factors, industries and goods and services) and institutions (organized in households, general government, non-financial and financial corporations, non-profit institutions serving households, and rest of the world). In order to contribute to the definition of a methodology that can contribute to improving the knowledge of the different aspects of this activity, the potentialities of a SAM for its reading and interpreting are explored, as well as for carrying out experiments regarding its functioning. Through a SAM-based approach, how to construct more or less complex networks of linkages of the above-mentioned flows is shown, from which structural features can be evidenced and the associated multiplier effects studied. Following an application to Portugal, it is shown that a numerical version of a SAM, enables an empirical description of the origin, use, and distribution of income, whereas, an algebraic version of a SAM allows one to carry out, for example, a deeper study of the multiplier effects associated with the institutional distribution of income. The crucial role of the factors of production accounts is identified in this study, namely when they establish the link between the generation and the distribution and use of income. In this process, the important role the complementary details that the Input-Output Matrix (IOM) can add is also identified. Thus, being the generation of income the result of the output of goods and services and the associated costs, on the one hand, an industry-by-industry IOM can add details regarding domestic and imported intermediate consumption by and between industries and, on the other hand, a product-by-product IOM can add details regarding the domestic and imported intermediate consumption of goods and services.

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  • Santos, Susana, 2017. "An approach to the structural features of the socio-economic activity of a country based on a Social Accounting Matrix.Evidences and multiplier effects on distribution of income," MPRA Paper 79727, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:79727
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Santos, Susana, 2011. "Measuring (socio-)economic systems using the SNA. A SAM approach," MPRA Paper 32758, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Pyatt, Graham, 1991. "SAMs, the SNA and National Accounting Capabilities," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 37(2), pages 177-198, June.
    3. Stone, Richard, 1986. "Nobel Memorial Lecture 1984: The Accounts of Society," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 1(1), pages 5-28, January.
    4. Susana SANTOS, 2016. "The Informal Aspects of the Activity of Countries Studied Through Social Accounting and Socio-Demographic Matrices," Journal of Economic and Social Thought, KSP Journals, vol. 3(1), pages 49-78, March.
    5. Susana Santos, 2010. "A quantitative approach to the effects of social policy measures. An application to Portugal, using Social Accounting Matrices," EERI Research Paper Series EERI_RP_2010_33, Economics and Econometrics Research Institute (EERI), Brussels.
    6. Graham Pyatt, 1999. "Some Relationships between T-Accounts, Input-Output Tables and Social Accounting Matrices," Economic Systems Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 11(4), pages 365-387.
    7. Pyatt, Graham, 1988. "A SAM approach to modeling," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 10(3), pages 327-352.
    8. Susana Santos, 2012. "A SAM (Social Accounting Matrix) approach to the policy decision process," Working Papers Department of Economics 2012/28, ISEG - Lisbon School of Economics and Management, Department of Economics, Universidade de Lisboa.
    9. Santos, Susana G., 2004. "Portuguese net borrowing and the government budget balance: A SAM approach," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 26(6), pages 703-717, September.
    10. Susana Santos, 2007. "Modelling economic circuit flows in a social accounting matrix framework. An application to Portugal," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 39(14), pages 1753-1771.
    11. Susana SANTOS, 2014. "The Social Accounting Matrix And The Socio-Demographic Matrix-Based Approaches For Studying The Socioeconomics Of Ageing," Theoretical and Practical Research in the Economic Fields, ASERS Publishing, vol. 5(1), pages 63-72.
    12. SANTOS Susana Maria G., 2010. "The Social Accounting Matrix as a Working Instrument for Defining Economic Policy. Application in Portugal with Emphasis on the General Government Sector," EcoMod2003 330700131, EcoMod.
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    1. Santos, Susana, 2022. "Contas Nacionais de Portugal em 2018. Contas económicas integradas, representações matriciais e extensões [National Accounts of Portugal in 2018. Integrated economic accounts, matrix representation," MPRA Paper 115671, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Santos, Susana, 2022. "National Accounts of Portugal in 2018. Integrated economic accounts, matrix representations and extensions," MPRA Paper 114183, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Social Accounting Matrix; National Accounts; SAM-based approach; socio-economic structure; Input-Output Matrix; Income Distribution.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D57 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Input-Output Tables and Analysis
    • E01 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General - - - Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth; Environmental Accounts
    • E02 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General - - - Institutions and the Macroeconomy
    • E16 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Social Accounting Matrix
    • E25 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Aggregate Factor Income Distribution

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