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Formalisation et accès au crédit des petites et moyennes entreprises : cas du Togo
[Formalization and access to credit for small and medium enterprises: the case of Togo]

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  • KOTOKLO, Edoh
  • TOGBENU, Fo-kossi edem

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of formalization on access to credit by taking the example of Togolese (small and medium) enterprises. To achieve this objective, we test the hypothesis that the formalization of firms has a significant effect on access to credit. To do so, a Probit regression and the special regressor method were used on data from 65,725 firms extracted from the 2019 General Census of Enterprises database piloted by the Institut Nationale de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques et Démographiques (INSEED). The results show that the variable "Formalization of enterprises (small and medium)" has a significant influence at the 1% level on the probability of access to credit. In addition, the control variables such as guarantees, cost of credit, access to the public market, gender and level of education also explain access to credit at the 1%, 1%, 5% and 10% thresholds respectively. Our results show the importance of training and capacity building for informal enterprises to formalize. Also, they will allow regulatory bodies to develop policies that can reframe the informal sector in order to contribute to the GDP and absorb more young people seeking employment.

Suggested Citation

  • KOTOKLO, Edoh & TOGBENU, Fo-kossi edem, 2023. "Formalisation et accès au crédit des petites et moyennes entreprises : cas du Togo [Formalization and access to credit for small and medium enterprises: the case of Togo]," MPRA Paper 116705, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:116705
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jesse ERIOLA, 2020. "Dimension socioculturelle du profil des dirigeants et dynamisme des petites entreprises au Benin," Journal of Academic Finance, RED research unit, university of Gabes, Tunisia, vol. 11(2), pages 190-208, December.
    2. Dewatripont, Mathias, 2014. "European banking: Bailout, bail-in and state aid control," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 37-43.
    3. dagobert NGONGANG & Boubakary AHMADOU, 2018. "Impact du profil du dirigeant sur le niveau d'endettement bancaire des PME camerounaises," Journal of Academic Finance, RED research unit, university of Gabes, Tunisia, vol. 9(1), pages 2-17, June.
    4. dagobert NGONGANG & Boubakary AHMADOU, 2018. "Impact du profil du dirigeant sur le niveau d'endettement bancaire des PME camerounaises," Journal of Academic Finance, RED research unit, university of Gabes, Tunisia, vol. 9(1), pages 2-17, June.
    5. Alan Gelb & Taye Mengistae & Vijaya Ramachandran & Manju Kedia Shah, 2009. "To Formalize or Not to Formalize? Comparisons of Microenterprise Data from Southern and East Africa," Working Papers 175, Center for Global Development.
    6. Jesse ERIOLA, 2020. "Dimension socioculturelle du profil des dirigeants et dynamisme des petites entreprises au Benin," Journal of Academic Finance, RED research unit, university of Gabes, Tunisia, vol. 11(2), pages 190-208, December.
    7. Rafael La Porta & Andrei Shleifer, 2008. "The Unofficial Economy and Economic Development," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 39(2 (Fall)), pages 275-363.
    8. Régis Blazy & Laurent Weill, 2006. "Le rôle des garanties dans les prêts des banques françaises," Revue d'économie politique, Dalloz, vol. 116(4), pages 501-522.
    9. Amadou Boly, 2018. "On the Short- and Medium-Term Effects of Formalisation: Panel Evidence from Vietnam," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(4), pages 641-656, April.
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    Keywords

    Keywords: Formalization; SMEs; Access to Credit; Probit and Special Regressor;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D22 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis

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