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| Abstract |
Organisational change encompasses production processes (quality management, lean production, business re-engineering), management approaches (teamwork, training, flexible work and compensation) and external relations (outsourcing, customer relations, networking). Performance improvements from organisational investments are greatest when production, management and consumer approaches are combined, and when these bundled practices are implemented in conjunction with information and communications technologies (ICT). One explanation for the “productivity” may be that organizational change is key to realising benefits from ICT, while ICT is essential to implementing organisational change, necessitating combined investments to raise productivity growth. The proportion of OECD firms that introduced organisational changes rose significantly in the 1990s and the incidence of organizational change has been highest in service sectors. Larger firms, particularly those exposed to international ...
Changement organisationnel et performances des entreprises
Le changement organisationnel englobe les procédés de production (gestion de la qualité, production économe en ressources, reconfiguration de l'entreprise), les méthodes de gestion (travail en équipe, formation, travail et rémunération flexibles) et les relations extérieures (externalisation, relations avec la clientèle, constitution de réseaux). Les améliorations des performances découlant d'investissements à finalité organisationnelle sont les plus importantes lorsque les stratégies de production, de gestion et de relations avec le consommateur sont intégrées et mises en œuvre de pair avec les technologies de l'information et des communications (TIC). Le “paradoxe de la productivité” tient peut-être à ce que le changement organisationnel est essentiel pour concrétiser les avantages des TIC, alors que ces mêmes TIC sont indispensables pour mettre en œuvre le changement organisationnel, ce qui nécessite des investissements combinés pour accélérer l’accroissement de la ...
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