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Budgeting and Accounting in OECD Education Systems: A Literature Review

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  • Tala Fakharzadeh

Abstract

Recent demographic, economic and political trends have drawn attention to the issue of effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources in the education sector. In the context of the renewed interest for the optimisation of resource use, this paper attempts to review the literature on budgeting and accounting in OECD education systems. The analysis of accounting and budgeting in education systems provides an understanding of decision-making processes regarding education policies and projects, in terms of prioritisation, planning, allocation, monitoring and evaluation of resource use. The subjects covered in the paper also help to understand how resources are distributed. Greater requests for transparency from citizens are indeed pressuring governments to justify how public resources are allocated, and which variables determine the levels of funding flowing to schools. Finally, accounting standards and budgeting methods are studied in the current paper as they may also have an impact on effectiveness and efficiency of resource use. This report first explores governance questions underlying budgeting and accounting. Subsequently, the report reviews procedures and tools adopted by countries for budgeting and accounting. Finally, it presents methods for evaluation and monitoring of resource use. The paper attempts to identify trends and commonalities in country practices in primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education; however, there are great variations on the studied topics across and within countries. En raison des récentes évolutions démographiques, économiques et politiques, une plus grande attention est accordée aux questions d’efficience et d’efficacité dans l’utilisation des ressources dans le domaine de l’éducation. Dans le contexte d’un renouveau d’intérêt pour l’optimisation de l’utilisation des ressources, ce papier vise à réaliser une revue de littérature au sujet des processus budgétaires et comptables au sein des systèmes éducatifs de l’OCDE. L’analyse des systèmes comptables et des procédures budgétaires dans les systèmes éducatifs permet de donner un aperçu des processus de décision relatifs aux politiques et aux projets dans l’éducation, en termes de priorisation, planification, allocation, pilotage et d’évaluation de l’utilisation des ressources. Les sujets étudiés dans ce papier permettent également de comprendre comment les ressources sont distribuées. Une plus grande demande de transparence de la part des citoyens met en effet sous pression les gouvernements, qui doivent justifier l’allocation des ressources publiques et la nature des variables permettant de déterminer le montant des fonds alloués aux écoles. Enfin, les standards comptables et les méthodes budgétaires sont étudiés dans ce papier car ces derniers peuvent également avoir un impact sur l’efficience et l’efficacité dans l’utilisation des ressources. Ce rapport explore tout d’abord les questions de gouvernance sous-jacentes aux systèmes budgétaires et comptables. Par la suite, le rapport effectue une revue des procédures et outils budgétaires et comptables adoptés par les pays. Enfin, le papier présente des méthodes pour l’évaluation et le pilotage de l’utilisation des ressources. Le papier vise à identifier les tendances et les points communs au travers des pratiques des pays au niveau de l’école primaire, secondaire et post-secondaire non tertiaire. Cependant, il faut noter de grandes variations relatives aux sujets étudies, entre et au sein-même des pays.

Suggested Citation

  • Tala Fakharzadeh, 2016. "Budgeting and Accounting in OECD Education Systems: A Literature Review," OECD Education Working Papers 128, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:eduaab:128-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5jm3xgsz03kh-en
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    Cited by:

    1. Moonyoung Eom & Hyungchul Yoo & Jisung Yoo, 2022. "Efficiency and Productivity of Local Educational Administration in Korea Using the Malmquist Productivity Index," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-14, April.

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