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Enhancing Labour Utilisation in a Socially Inclusive Society in Australia

Author

Listed:
  • Vassiliki Koutsogeorgopoulou

    (OECD)

Abstract

Australia faces the mutually reinforced challenges of boosting labour supply and promoting social inclusion. Labour underutilisation is especially prevalent among groups such as lone parents, people with disability, and Indigenous Australians. These are also groups at greatest risk of social exclusion. Thus better integration of these groups into the labour market would enhance inclusion. In general, labour utilisation can be increased by training, improving the functioning of labour market institutions, reforming the tax and transfer system, and maintaining labour market flexibility. Beyond labour market policies, the multiplicity, inter-relatedness and complexity of social inclusion problems call for a comprehensive and integrated approach focusing on individual needs. The elements of the strategy include an education system that better promotes equity and integrated service approaches to help people with disabilities and the homeless. Recent efforts in all these areas by the government are welcome. Optimiser l'utilisation de la main-d'oeuvre tout en favorisant l'inclusion sociale en Australie L’Australie doit relever un double défi : augmenter l’offre de main-d’oeuvre tout en oeuvrant en faveur de l’inclusion sociale. La sous-utilisation de la main-d’oeuvre touche plus particulièrement les catégories de population vulnérables, comme les parents isolés, les personnes handicapées et les Australiens autochtones, qui sont également les plus exposées au risque d’exclusion sociale. Une meilleure insertion de ces populations sur le marché du travail aurait donc une incidence positive sur l’inclusion sociale. D’une manière générale, les formations, l’amélioration des institutions du marché du travail, la réforme du système d’impôts et de prestations et le maintien de la flexibilité du marché du travail peuvent renforcer l’utilisation de la main-d’oeuvre. Au-delà des politiques du marché du travail, les multiples aspects de l’exclusion sociale, leur complexité et leurs interrelations appellent une approche globale et intégrée, axée sur les besoins individuels. La stratégie adoptée repose notamment sur une réforme du système éducatif afin de garantir l’égalité des chances à l’école, ainsi que sur des systèmes de services intégrés pour venir en aide aux handicapés et aux sans-abri. Il faut donc saluer les efforts consentis récemment dans ce sens par les pouvoirs publics australiens.

Suggested Citation

  • Vassiliki Koutsogeorgopoulou, 2011. "Enhancing Labour Utilisation in a Socially Inclusive Society in Australia," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 852, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:852-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5kgf32fbtrs5-en
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    bien-être; disability; education; exclusion; exclusion; flexibility; flexibilité; homelessness; immigration; immigration; inclusion sociale; invalidité; labour market; marché du travail; problème des sans–abri; social inclusion; sous-utilisation du travail; système d’impôts et de prestations; tax-transfer system; underutilisation of labour; well-being; éducation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I30 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General
    • I38 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
    • J08 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - General - - - Labor Economics Policies
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • J61 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers

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