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• Alain de Serres

In contrast to what has happened throughout the 1960s and 1970s, some of the largest EU countries and Japan are no longer closing the income gap vis-à-vis the United States. Worse, the gap may even be widening since the mid-1990s. While in the case of Japan the gap in GDP per capita is essentially due to the lagging performance in labour productivity, the European Union is trailing mainly in terms of labour resource utilisation, reflecting both lower employment rates and fewer hours worked. This paper provides a brief overview of the main structural factors thought to have contributed to differences in the degree of labour resource utilisation, as well as in the intensity of physical and human capital use and in the pace of technological progress. In doing so, it provides a set of performance and policy indicators which can be used to assess progress achieved in structural reform ...

Politiques structurelles et croissance : Une vue d'ensemble non-technique

Contrairement à la tendance observée durant les années 60 et 70, certains des principaux pays de l’union européenne et le Japon ne referment plus l’écart qui les sépare des États-Unis en termes de revenu par habitant. Cet écart est peut-être même en train de se creuser davantage depuis le milieu des années 90. Alors qu’au Japon l’écart de PIB par habitant vis-à-vis des États-Unis est dû essentiellement au retard de la productivité, dans le cas de l’union européenne il s’explique largement par une plus faible utilisation des ressources de main d’œuvre, reflétant à la fois des taux d’emploi moins élevé et un nombre inférieur d’heures ouvrées. Cette étude donne une vue d’ensemble des liens entre les politiques structurelles et la performance des marchés du travail et des produits. Ce faisant, elle fournit un certain nombre d’indicateurs de performance et de politique qui peuvent êtres utilisés pour évaluer le progrès réalisé sur le plan des réformes structurelles ...

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Paper provided by OECD Economics Department in its series OECD Economics Department Working Papers with number 355.

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Date of creation: 27 May 2003
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Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:355-en

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Keywords: growth productivity productivité croissance réglementation regulation structural policy employment rates politique structurelle taux d'emploi

Find related papers by JEL classification:
E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomics: Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution
J20 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - General
J30 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - General
L50 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - General
O30 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Technological Change - - - General

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1. Dirk Pilat, 2005. "Canada's Productivity Performance in International Perspective," International Productivity Monitor, Centre for the Study of Living Standards, vol. 10, pages 24-44, Spring. [Downloadable!]

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