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Brazil’s public pension expenditure is about 9 per cent of GDP, above the OECD average. Given that OECD countries are generally not only wealthier, but also significantly older, Brazil’s pension expenditures are clearly excessive, draining resources away from other areas, such as much needed social investment in health and education. Beyond its fiscal impact, the Brazilian pension system is also unjust. About half of total pension expenditure is paid to former civil servants, which account for only 5 per cent of total retirees. Given the demographic challenges Brazil is likely to face in the next decades, authorities have started to implement a series of reforms. The general regime available to private sector workers underwent major changes in 1999, which will help ensure its long-term actuarial and financial balance. However, problems remain concerning the growth of the informal economy, the weight of non-pension benefits financially imputed to the regime and the mechanisms for ...
Le système de pensions brésilien : Réformes récentes et défis à venir
Les dépenses publiques au titre des pensions au Brésil représentent environ 9 pour cent du PIB, pourcentage qui dépasse la moyenne de l’OCDE. Si l’on tient compte de la jeunesse de la population brésilienne et de son moindre niveau de revenu par rapport à la moyenne des pays de l'OCDE, ces dépenses sont clairement excessives et c’est autant de ressources qui ne vont pas à d’autres affectations, comme l’investissement dans la santé et l’éducation, pourtant fort nécessaire. Au-delà de son impact fiscal, le système de pensions brésilien est aussi injuste. Environ la moitié des dépenses publiques au titre des pensions est versée aux anciens fonctionnaires, qui ne constituent pourtant qu’environ 5 pour cent de l’ensemble des retraités. Tenant compte des pressions démographiques que le Brésil aura vraisemblablement à effronter dans les décennies à venir, les autorités ont commencé à introduire une série des réformes. Le régime général, applicable aux travailleurs du secteur privé, a subi ...
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Find related papers by JEL classification:
G23 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Pension Funds; Other Private Financial Institutions
H55 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Social Security and Public Pensions
H72 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - State and Local Budget and Expenditures
J11 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Demographic Trends and Forecasts
J26 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Retirement; Retirement Policies
N36 - Economic History - - Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Income, and Wealth - - - Latin America; Caribbean
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