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Addressing the challenges in higher education in Norway

Author

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  • Vassiliki Koutsogeorgopoulou

    (OECD)

Abstract

Norway’s predominately public and tuition-fee free tertiary education system encourages participation and has high attainment rates. However, challenges in spending efficiency, study times, skills demand, inclusiveness and quality remain. Also, learning outcomes could improve further. Moreover, few Norwegian universities rank high in international comparisons on the basis of research-related and other indicators, and spending per student or GDP is relatively high. Many small institutions, aiming to meet regional needs, do not reach critical mass in staff and student numbers. Many students take considerable time to finish their studies despite financial incentives, and students from lower income groups have low tertiary participation and completion rates despite a strong focus on inclusiveness. Enrolments remain low in fields such as science and engineering, although they have increased in recent years, and supply shortages in some professional areas indicate room for improvement. Better incentives for both students and institutions to ensure timely completions, with a special emphasis on disadvantaged students and labour market needs, a structure that paves the way for adequately sized institutions, and effective governance are essential for higher quality education and research. Effective monitoring of the outcomes is also vital. The government’s comprehensive quality-enhancing agenda, with a focus on these fronts, is welcome. This working paper relates to the 2016 OECD Economic Survey of Norway (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/economic-survey-norway.htm). Relever les défis liés à l'enseignement supérieur en Norvège En Norvège, le système d’enseignement supérieur, essentiellement public et sans frais de scolarité, encourage la participation, et les taux de réussite y sont élevés. Toutefois, des difficultés subsistent en termes d’efficience des dépenses, de durée des études, de demande de compétences, d’inclusivité et de qualité. De plus, les retombées de l’enseignement pourraient être encore améliorées. En outre, peu d’universités norvégiennes figurent dans le haut des classements internationaux établis à partir d’indicateurs fondés sur les recherches ou autres, et les dépenses par étudiant ou par rapport au PIB sont relativement élevées. Beaucoup d’établissements de taille modeste ayant vocation à répondre à des besoins régionaux n’atteignent pas la masse critique en termes d’effectifs et de nombre d’étudiants. Nombre d’étudiants mettent énormément de temps à finir leurs études, malgré les incitations financières, et les étudiants issus de groupes à faible revenu sont peu nombreux à fréquenter l’enseignement supérieur et leur taux de réussite est faible, malgré la priorité donnée à l’inclusivité. Même s’ils ont augmenté au cours des dernières années, les effectifs restent faibles dans des domaines comme la science et l’ingénierie, et les pénuries d’offre dans certains domaines professionnels sont le signe qu’une marge d’amélioration existe. Pour améliorer la qualité de l’enseignement et de la recherche, il est essentiel d’instaurer, en direction des étudiants comme des établissements, de meilleures incitations afin de garantir un achèvement des cycles d’études dans des délais convenables, en mettant tout particulièrement l’accent sur les étudiants défavorisés et les besoins du marché du travail, de mettre en place une structure propre à favoriser l’émergence d’établissements ayant une taille adéquate et de prévoir une gouvernance efficace. Assurer un suivi efficace des résultats est également indispensable. Le vaste programme d’amélioration de la qualité adopté par le gouvernement, qui met l’accent sur tous ces points, est le bienvenu. Ce Document de travail se rapporte à l’Étude économique de l’OCDE de la Norvège 2015 (www.oecd.org/fr/eco/etudes/etude-economique-norvege.htm).

Suggested Citation

  • Vassiliki Koutsogeorgopoulou, 2016. "Addressing the challenges in higher education in Norway," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1285, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:1285-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5jm0xf28vw8s-en
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    Cited by:

    1. Christophe André & Hyunjeong Hwang, 2018. "Tax reform to support growth and employment in Finland," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1468, OECD Publishing.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    accreditation; accréditation; education; institutions; institutions; reform; réforme; students; éducation; étudiants;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I22 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Educational Finance; Financial Aid
    • I23 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Higher Education; Research Institutions
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy

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