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The environmental implications of international trade have come under intensified scrutiny in recent years, particularly with expanded interest in multilateralism, regionalism, and other negotiated trade regimes. The transfer of environmental effects, both positive and negative, is embodied in most trade patterns, particularly those which reflect technological hierarchy or other stratification by degree of economic modernization. Despite the emotional reaction these issues often arouse, the question of whether and to whom these transfers are beneficial or detrimental is a very complex one. In this paper, we use applied general equilibrium analysis to examine a well-established trade relationship between two diverse economies, Japan and Indonesia. Historically, it appears that their bilateral trade has conferred asymmetric environmental effects on the two countries, effecting a net transfer of some environmental costs from the former to the latter. In the light of this negative ...
Les conséquences du commerce international sur l'environnement ont été examinées minutieusement et intensément au cours des dernières années, en particulier en raison de l'intérêt accru pour le multilatéralisme, le régionalisme et d'autres types d'échanges négociés. Le transfert des incidences, tant positives que négatives, sur l'environnement est inhérent à la plupart des schémas commerciaux, surtout ceux qui reflètent une technologie hiérarchique ou une stratification selon le niveau de modernisation économique. Malgré les réactions émotionnelles fréquemment déclenchées par ces problèmes, il est très difficile de préciser si, et pour qui, ces transferts sont bénéfiques ou néfastes. Dans ce document nous utilisons une analyse d'équilibre général pour examiner les relations commerciales bien établies entre deux éconormies différentes : celle du Japon et celle de l'Indonésie. Sur le plan historique, il apparaît que leurs échanges bilatéraux ont eu des effets environnementaux ...
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