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Indicadores Básicos e Desempenho da Justiça Estadual de Primeiro Grau no Brasil

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  • Alexandre Samy de Castro

Abstract

Este estudo apresenta uma avaliação quantitativa da eficiência produtiva das serventias judiciais estaduais de primeiro grau no Brasil, com base no método da fronteira estocástica de produção (AIGNER, 1977; MEEUSEN, 1977; BATTESE e CORRA, 1977). Utiliza-se, de forma inédita, a base de dados Justiça Aberta, organizada pelo Conselho Nacional de Justica (CNJ), que contém relatórios de produção de 8.495 serventias judiciais estaduais de primeira instância. Os insumos destinados à produção de serviços jurisdicionais incluem juízes e a equipe de funcionários, assim como casos pendentes. A ineficiência técnica depende de um vetor de características das serventias - os tipos de casos e a situação dos juízes e funcionários perante a serventia -, de variáveis "ambientais", incluindo geografia e classificação da jurisdição (comarca), e da qualidade da administração judicial no nível local, medida pelo modelo de provisão dos serviços locais de notários e registro (privatizados versus oficializados). O desempenho da vara de justiça é influenciado também por variáveis socioeconômicas, geográficas e políticas, que exercem influência sobre a qualidade e a celeridade da prestação jurisdicional. As estimativas do modelo permitem testar algumas hipóteses padrão na literatura sobre eficiência judicial. Além disso, o modelo fornece uma avaliação comparativa do desempenho das justiças estaduais, que resulta em recomendações políticas para a administração judicial no Brasil. Palavras-chave: Poder Judiciário - avaliação; Poder Judiciário - morosidade; Poder Judiciário - funcionamento; fronteira estocástica; administração judiciária; desempenho jurisdicional; produtividade do magistrado. This paper offers a quantitative evaluation of the productive efficiency of state courts of first degree in Brazil, based on the stochastic frontier approach [Aigner D.J. (1977), Meeusen W (1977) and Battese and Corra (1977)]. This study exploits the novel . database by the Conselho Nacional de Justica, which contains production reports for 8,495 state courts of first degree. The inputs in the production function of jurisdictional services include judges - weighted by their experience in judicature - and staff as well as pending cases. The technical inefficiency of courts depends on a vector of court characteristics - the types of cases handled and the type of relationship of judges and staff personnel with the court - and "environment" variables such as: geography and the classification of the jurisdiction (comarca); and the quality of judicial administration at the local level, proxied by the status of local notary and registry services (privatized versus official). Finally, court performance is also influenced by socioeconomic and political covariates, which potentially shift the demand for jurisdictional services. Estimates of the model allow testing some standard hypotheses in the literature on court performance. Moreover, the model provides a sophisticated assessment of the performance of state judiciaries, resulting in policy recommendations towards judicial administration of state courts in Brazil.

Suggested Citation

  • Alexandre Samy de Castro, 2011. "Indicadores Básicos e Desempenho da Justiça Estadual de Primeiro Grau no Brasil," Discussion Papers 1609, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1609
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    Cited by:

    1. Caio Castelliano & Peter Grajzl & Tomas Aquino Guimaraes & Andre Alves, 2021. "Judicial enforcement and caseload: theory and evidence from Brazil," European Journal of Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 52(1), pages 137-168, August.

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