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La brecha fiscal: estudio y aplicación a los impuestos sobre la riqueza

Author

Listed:
  • José Mª Durán-Cabré

    (Universitat de Barcelona & Institut d'Economia de Barcelona (IEB))

  • Alejandro Esteller-Moré

    (Universitat de Barcelona & Institut d'Economia de Barcelona (IEB))

  • Mariona Mas-Montserrat

    (Universitat de Barcelona & Institut d'Economia de Barcelona (IEB))

  • Luca Salvadori

    (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona & Institut d'Economia de Barcelona (IEB))

Abstract

La brecha fiscal es un concepto de importancia creciente en el ámbito de las administraciones tributarias que indica la diferencia entre la recaudación impositiva efectiva y la que debería obtenerse de haber un cumplimiento fiscal perfecto. Su estimación ofrece una información muy relevante sobre el tamaño relativo y la naturaleza del incumplimiento fiscal, así como sobre su evolución a lo largo del tiempo. En este artículo se destaca su utilidad como herramienta de gestión de la propia administración tributaria y para mejorar su rendición de cuentas ante la sociedad, señalándose también sus posibles debilidades metodológicas y las cauciones a la hora de interpretar sus resultados. Asimismo, se presenta la metodología y los resultados obtenidos al estimar la brecha fiscal de Cataluña, a partir de microdatos de los tres impuestos relacionados con la riqueza (patrimonio, sucesiones y transmisiones) más importantes que administran las comunidades autónomas españolas de régimen común. INGLÉS: The tax gap can be defined as the difference between the total amount of taxes collected by tax authorities and the total tax revenues that should be collected according to the tax code and under perfect tax compliance. The estimation of the tax gap offers very useful information about the relative size and nature of non-compliance, as well as its evolution over time. In this paper we point out that the tax gap is a valuable instrument not only to define the enforcement strategies of the tax administration but also to enhance the accountability of this public authority. Nonetheless, the methodology employed to estimate the tax gap and consequently the interpretation of the results of this assessment are subject to limitations that are discussed in the paper. Moreover, we present the methodology to estimate the tax gap in Catalonia for the three most important taxes related to wealth (wealth tax, inheritance and gift tax and transfer tax) administered by the Spanish regions and, finally, we provide the results from the estimations obtained employing microdata.

Suggested Citation

  • José Mª Durán-Cabré & Alejandro Esteller-Moré & Mariona Mas-Montserrat & Luca Salvadori, 2018. "La brecha fiscal: estudio y aplicación a los impuestos sobre la riqueza," Working Papers 2018/15, Institut d'Economia de Barcelona (IEB).
  • Handle: RePEc:ieb:wpaper:doc2018-15
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    Cited by:

    1. Alejandro Esteller-Moré & Shafik Hebous & Niels Johannesen & Katarzyna Anna Bilicka, 2018. "The Present and Future of Tax Havens / El presente y futuro de los paraísos fiscales / El present i futur dels paradisos fiscals," IEB Reports ieb_report_4_2018, Institut d'Economia de Barcelona (IEB).
    2. José María Durán-Cabré & Alejandro Esteller-Moré & Mariona Mas-Montserrat, 2019. "Behavioural responses to the (re)introduction of wealth taxes. Evidence from Spain," Working Papers 2019/04, Institut d'Economia de Barcelona (IEB).
    3. Ján Dobroviè & Rastislav Rajnoha & Petr Šuleø, 2021. "Tax evasion in the EU countries following a predictive analysis and a forecast model for Slovakia," Oeconomia Copernicana, Institute of Economic Research, vol. 12(3), pages 701-728, September.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Tax Gap; Tax Administration; Brecha Fiscal; Administración Tributaria;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H26 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Tax Evasion and Avoidance
    • H83 - Public Economics - - Miscellaneous Issues - - - Public Administration

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