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Le PIB, une mesure contestée

Author

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  • Jacques Le Cacheux

    (OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po, CATT - Centre d'Analyse Théorique et de Traitement des données économiques - UPPA - Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour)

Abstract

Élaboré aux États-Unis pendant la Grande Dépression, le produit intérieur brut (PIB) est rapidement devenu un indicateur de référence, à l'aune duquel sont évaluées et comparées les performances économiques des pays, voire le bien-être de leurs citoyens. Autrefois le fait d'une minorité, les critiques envers cet agrégat ont été mises au-devant de la scène ces dernières années par l'émergence des questions environnementales. La constitution par le Président Sarkozy de la « Commission Stiglitz », chargée de travailler à l'élaboration de nouveaux indicateurs économiques et sociaux, s'inscrit dans ce mouvement. Rappelant comment et pourquoi le PIB a été élaboré, Jacques Le Cacheux analyse les principales limites de cet indicateur. Si certains problèmes méthodologiques restreignent sa pertinence, les critiques à son égard tiennent aussi à la mauvaise utilisation qui en est faite, le PIB n'ayant pas été conçu pour mesurer le bien-être des individus mais pour évaluer la production de l'économie nationale.
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Suggested Citation

  • Jacques Le Cacheux, 2008. "Le PIB, une mesure contestée," Post-Print hal-01884896, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01884896
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